In the commercial production of Litopenaeus vannamei, the reproductive performance of female shrimp and the development of larval offspring have been used as important indicators to measure the quality of shrimp. In order to evaluate the reproductive performance and larval development of different strains of Litopenaeus vannamei, 103 families were constructed by selecting 90 wild female shrimp, 166 female shrimp of strain P and 115 female shrimp of strain S under the same culture conditions. There were 56 wild population families, 28 P families, and 19 S families. The experiment lasted for 30 days. Reproductive parameters such as mating rate, spawning rate, hatching rate, metamorphosis duration, and survival rate were recorded for each female shrimp. The results showed that compared with the P and S strains, the wild population had significantly more desirable mating and hatching rates. In terms of female spawning performance, the spawning volume of the P strain was significantly lower than that of the other two strains (P＜0.01), and the spawning cycle was significantly higher than that of the other two strains (P＜0.01). In terms of larval development, the wild population showed certain advantages in terms of larval survival rate and metamorphosis duration. By analyzing the correlation between reproductive traits of Litopenaeus vannamei, it was found that there was a significant positive correlation between body weight and egg number in all three strains (P＜0.05). The correlation coefficients between body weight and egg number of the wild population, P, and S strains were 0.364, 0.278, and 0.553, respectively. In addition, this study also found that the hatching rate of fertilized eggs of Litopenaeus vannamei was significantly negatively correlated with duration of metamorphosis (Z_Ⅰ→P₁) (P＜0.05), and the correlation coefficient was –0.211 which indicated that the higher the hatching rate of fertilized eggs, the shorter the metamorphosis development time of the larvae. The results showed that the breeding performance of females of different strains of Litopenaeus vannamei carry significant potential for manipulation. During the process of selecting parental shrimp strains with high breeding performance, it is possible to select according to the reproductive capacity of female shrimp and the development of larval offspring.