Different fishing strategies have different effects on adaptive changes in the morphological characteristics of fish species. To evaluate the impact of different fishing strategies on the growth characteristics of fish, the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) was used as the model organism. Seven fishing strategies were used: 90% large individual fishing (high-intensity large individual fishing, H-B), 90% random fishing (high-intensity random fishing, M-R), 75% large individual fishing (middle-intensity large individual fishing, H-B), 75% random fishing (middle-intensity random fishing, M-R), 50% large individual fishing (low-intensity large individual fishing, L-B), 50% random fishing (low-intensity random fishing, L-R), and 75% small individual fishing (middle-intensity small individual fishing, M-S). The growth characteristics of O. melastigma in the F1–F3 generations were determined. The egg diameter and larval length of O. melastigma were significantly different under the different fishing strategies in the same generation (P＜0.01). Among different generations, the egg diameter increased in the high- intensity fishing treatment group (90% fishing strategy condition) and decreased in the low intensity fishing treatment group (50% fishing strategy condition). However, different generations had little effect on the hatchability and survival rate of the next generation of eggs. The growth rate of the low-intensity fishing treatment group was higher than that of the other treatment groups in the juvenile stage among different generations. During the intergenerational larval development stage, the growth rate of the high-intensity fishing treatment group increased rapidly. This growth rate was significantly higher in the early stage than in the late stage. However, the growth rate of the high-intensity fishing treatment group was lower in the larval and juvenile stages. With the increase in external fishing pressure, the instantaneous growth rate of the high-intensity fishing treatment group was the lowest among the same generation. The instantaneous growth rates of the low-intensity and large individual fishing strategy groups were stable among generations. Similar to the current fishing strategy, high intensity and large individual fishing will lead to great differences in the biological characteristics of fish in three generations. Therefore, for the sustainable utilization of fishery resources and to predict the development trend of fish evolution, it is imperative to study the changes in biological traits of fish caused by fish-induced evolution by simulating the different fishing strategies.