White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the most virulent viral pathogens of the shrimp-farming industry worldwide, causing high mortality and resulting in serious economic losses. The viral envelope proteins play very important roles in WSSV infection of shrimps. To investigate the interaction between WSSV envelope protein VP110 and gill cell proteins of the Chinese shrimp, , a truncated VP110 protein containing the RGD motif was recombinantly expressed in BL21(DE3) as a fusion protein with Trx/His/S-tag. Using a pull-down assay, two prominent protein bands with molecular weights of 40 kD and 42 kD were identified from gill cell proteins of using recombinant VP110 (rVP110), which were identified as arginine kinase (AK) and was cloned and expressed as a fusion protein with GST-tag using the pGEX-4T-1 vector, and the binding interaction between the recombinant AK (rAK) and rVP110 was further confirmed by a pull-down assay. In an neutralization assay, rAK appeared to be able to partially block WSSV infection and delayed the death of WSSV-infected crayfish. In addition, following WSSV infection, mRNA level in the gills was upregulated compared with the control group, as assessed by real-time quantitative PCR. The AK enzyme activity in the gills was also upregulated. These results suggested that AK in plays a role in WSSV infection.