In China, is the shellfish of choice for cultivating freshwater pearls; however, there has been very little research on cell and mantle tissue culture. Based on DMEM), this study attempted to optimize modified formula of medium and buffer for mantle tissue and cell culture. The ratio of RNA/DNA as an evaluation index of cell proliferation was determined and, using microscopic observations, tissue culture cells versus time, speed and cell energy were established. Hoechst fluorescent staining of DNA was carried out using 24-, 108- and 120-h cells of culture, and then the three marked cell groups were implanted into the mantle for culture . fter optimization, the buffer and medium improved cell migration from the mantle, the velocity of migration and the significantly increased cell number (<0.05).Cell vitality also increased with incubation time. Cell vitality was maximal for culture at 108 h, with a RNA/DNA ratio of 24.53, but was followed by a significant decline (<0.05).Microscopic observations of cells were in agreement with the determined RNA/DNA index values. When in vitro activity improved and culture conditions increased cell activity, with RNA/DNA values up to 25.45, but vitality declined significantly after 168 h when injected into the cell for activity of cells, it would appear that a living environment has no significant effect on cell viability. Our study provides basic but valuable information for further research on mantle cell proliferation and the establishment of cell lines