In fishery research, the study of ichthyoplankton is important in evaluating the ecological restorative effect of artificial reefs. During 2010 and 2011, the species composition and distribution patterns of ichthyoplankton on two artificial reefs in the Laizhou and Zhaoyuan area and in Laizhou Bay were investigated to provide reference data for research on the fish attraction and ichthyoplankton shelter effects of artificial reefs. Within the Laizhou (37°15′–37°18′N, 119°49′–119°53′E) and Zhaoyuan (37°31′–37°33′N, 120°11′–120°13′E) investigation areas, six sampling stations were established inside the artificial reef areas and, as references, three and one stations were established outside the reef areas, respectively. The distribution patterns of ichthyoplankton were investigated by horizontal tows associated with vertical tows via a zooplankton net (145 cm in length, mouth diameter 50 cm, and mouth area 0.2 m²). The horizontal tows were carried out at a speed of 2.0 nmile/h for 10 min at the sea surface, while the vertical tows were carried out from the bottom to the surface at a speed of 0.5 m/s at each sampling station. The results indicated that 16088 eggs and 2487 fish larvae, belonging to seven orders, 14 families, 19 genera and 19 species, were collected in 2010. Among fish eggs, the majority were Clupeiformes, followed by Mugiliformes. Among fish larvae, the majority were Mugiliformes samples, followed by Beloniformes. In 2011, 9 948 eggs and 1 778 fish larvae, belonging to four orders, 14 families, 21 genera and 21 species, were collected, of which the majority were Perciformes for both fish eggs and larvae, followed by Clupeiformes. The unique dominant fish egg species in both the Laizhou and Zhaoyuan investigation area was had the highest dominance but was not the dominant fish larval species in the two areas. Ichthyoplankton community stability was greater in summer, followed by spring. According to the distribution pattern of ichthyoplankton resources, the biomass of ichthyoplankton was higher inside the artificial reef areas than the outside areas. Comparative analysis showed that the biodiversity of the ichthyoplankton community within the artificial reef areas was higher than the outside areas. However, species with low trophic levels and small-sized adult fish formed the majority of ichthyoplankton within the study areas, indicating that a long-term process is involved in monitoring and evaluating the conservation and restorative effect of artificial reefs on marine biological resources.