Color polymorphism is relatively common in marine shellfish. Shell color affects the visual perception of products which, in turn, influences consumer preference and product value. The shell color of marine mollusks is a genetically-based phenotypic trait and is therefore amenable to artificial selection. Furthermore, distinctive pigment colors or color patterns in several marine shellfish species are controlled by genes segregated at only one or two loci. The genetic control of shell pigment was recently determined for , and the narrow-sense heritability of left-shell pigmentation was estimated at 0.59 ± 0.19. To increase the value of sold as “singles” for the half-shell market, there has been a recent increase in interest in selective breeding for desirable shell colors in . In particular, research has focused on the relationship between shell color and phenotypic traits in and the effect of genotype-environment interactions on adult fitness. Four shell color families (white, black, golden, and purple) and the control group were established by separately selecting corresponding parents in Rushan Bay, . The larvae, spat, and adults were reared following standard practices, and the rearing conditions were identical between families to minimize environmental effects. We measured the growth performance (shell height, shell length and total weight) and survival rate of these families during the larval, spat, and adult periods. We used bi-independent variables analysis to test the genotype-environment interaction effect of the phenotypic traits during the adult period. At days 10, 15, and 20, the larval shell height of the golden and purple shell families was significantly higher than that of the white shell family and the control family. At days 15 and 20, the larval survival rate of the purple shell family was significantly higher than that of other families (<0.05). At days 40 and 100, the . At day 160, the juvenile shell height of the white shell family was lower than that of the other families at both study locations . There was no sjuvenile period . At day 340, the shell height and total weight of the golden shell family were significantly higher than those of the white shell day 420, the adult shell height and total weight of the golden and purple shell families were significantly higher than those of the white shell, the black shell, and the control families (<0.05). The survival of the purple shell family was higher than that of the other families (<0.05). The shell height and shell length of adult oysters were affected by the interaction of genotype and environment. Our results suggest there is an association between shell color and other phenotypic traits in . The interaction between genotype and environment had a scaling influence, so should have little effect on breeding programs for . Our results provide a basis for the selective breeding of high yield using shell colors as a candidate marker.