Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana) is a keystone species in the Southern Ocean ecosystem. Biomass and distribution research is important to further understand the Southern Ocean ecosystem and its relationship with en- vironmental change. Krill biomass fluctuates annually in the Southern Ocean, and a relationship between extensive sea-ice cover during winter and subsequent high krill recruitment in the Antarctic Peninsula region has been suggested. Although many studies have investigated the effects of environmental factors (temperature, salinity, oxygen, and cur- rents) on krill, except bathymetry of the shelf break and the presence of Circumpolar Deep Water near the Antarctic Peninsula, few studies have demonstrated a clear relationship between other factors and krill. Based on a transection survey conducted in the waters near Prydz Bay during the 29th Antarctic Chinese Scientific Expedition, continuous hy- droacoustic surveying and net sampling were conducted to estimate krill biomass and study the effects of the marine environment on krill spatial-temporal distribution. The environmental factors included water temperature, salinity, chlorophyll concentration, and bathymetry. The hydroacoustic instrument used was the 38 kHz SIMRAD EK500 (Nor- way). The sampling net had a 15-mm mesh size. Environmental data were collected with the SBE-CTD911 instrument. The results showed that mean krill density in the survey area was 32.8 g/m2, and krill biomass was 9.34 million tons. The population age structure was mainly composed of the 2+ and 3+ recruitment groups, and the growing conditions during recruitment were the main reason for the annual changes in krill biomass. Krill aggregated primarily at the shelf break (70.50°E–75.50°E and 67°S–68.5°S) at 250–1000 m. A significant correlation (P<0.01; r=0.193) was found be- tween chlorophyll concentration and the spatial-temporal distribution of Antarctic krill. Temperature, salinity, and bathymetry did not correlate directly with the Antarctic krill spatial-temporal distribution(P>0.05). A significant nega- tive correlation was found between salinity and chlorophyll concentration (P<0.01, r=−0.23). The deep chlorophyll concentration maximum phenomenon (DCM) was found at 73°E and 67°S in the waters near Prydz Bay. The DCM may correlate with the winter residual water mass.