The relationships between skin ulcer symdrome occurrence in the sea cucumber, , and environmental factors were analyzed by comparing the environmental indices in ponds containing diseased and non-diseased sea cucumber in two communities of Shaogezhuang (SGZ) and Suliu (SL) in Hongdao, Qingdao, Shandong Province. Between July 23, before any disease occurred, and August 11, we detected 4 cultivable bacterial groups (heterotrophic bacteria, vibrios, nitrifying bacteria, and sulfurring bacteria) and measured 7 physical-chemical indices (temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, inorganic nitrogen, and chemical oxygen demand) in the pond water and detected 6 bacterial groups (heterotrophic bacteria, vibrios, nitrifying bacteria, sulphuring bacteria, sulphurate-reducing bacteria, nitrate-reducing bacteria) and measured four physical-chemical indices (pH, redox potential, content of sulfide, and organic carbon) in the pond sediments. The number of bacterial groups in the diseased pond SGZ-1^# did not differ significantly from those in the non-diseased pond SGZ-2^# on the day that disease occurred, whereas the temperature was higher (25.94℃) and the salinity was lower (24.47). Furthermore, concentration of the nitrite (79.56 μg/L) in pond water and the sulfide (221.1 mg/g) in the sediment were higher in the diseased pond SGZ-1^#, exceeding the tolerance thresholds of the sea cucumber. The number of vibrio species in the diseased pond SL-S2^# of the Suliu community was significantly higher (1.85×10⁴ CFU/mL) than that in the non-diseased pond SL-N2^# on the day that disease occurred, and was also higher than the number in the diseased pond SGZ-1^# in the Shaogezhuang community. The physical-chemical indices in pond SL-S2^# was much better than those in pond SL-N2^#. Therefore, we infer that the disease that occurred in the sea cucumbers in Shaogezhuang was closely related to the large sudden changes in the physical-chemical indices of the water and poor sediment conditions, whereas the disease in the sea cucumbers in Suliu was closely related to the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in the environment. Therefore, the factors associated with disease must be analyzed in individual outbreaks, be they pathogenic organisms or physical-chemical factors, and the appropriate strategies used for disease control.