In order to protect the wild population and genetic resources of Chinese shrimp (), stock enhancement activities about Chinese shrimp had been carried out since 1980s in Haizhou Bay. Stock enhancement is an important way of fishery resources conservation, which can increase the high quality fishery resources and improve the fish population structure. However, scientific management of stock enhancement need to understand the carrying capacity of target species. Based on the data of biological resources obtained from an investigation of Haizhou Bay in 2013, a balanced trophic model of the area was constructed using the Ecopath with Ecosim software package. The effects of uncertainty of input parameters and Ecopath analysis sensitivity were explored. Trophic flow and system attributes of the Haizhou Bay ecosystem were analyzed. The ecological carrying capacity for Chinese shrimp were also predicted. The model consisted of 16 functional groups, which covered the main trophic flow in the Haizhou Bay ecosystem. The results showed that the pedigree index of the model was 0.588, indicated that the model input parameters were robust and reliable. The input parameters having the greatest effects on the output parameters were the ecotrophic efficiency (EE). Trophic levels of functional groups varied from 1-4.42. The total system throughput in ecosystem was estimated to be 9335.191 t·km^-2·a^-1, sum of all production was 3892.630 t·km^-2·a^-1, and sum of all consumption was 3838.019 t·km^-2·a^-1, total net system production was 822.042 t·km^-2·a^-1. The total energy transfer efficiency was 7.9%, transfer efficiency from primary producers and detritus was 6.6% and 9.4%, respectively. The proportion of the total flow originating from detritus was 40%, and that from primary producers was 60%, indicating that the energy flow was dominated by grazing food chain. The ratio of TPP/TR was 1.331, the connectivity index was 0.415, the omnivory index was 0.174, the Finn cycling index and the mean path length were 11.4% and 2.8 respectively. This study showed that the ecosystem of Haizhou Bay was still on a relatively low maturity and stability condition, and at a developing stage. The analysis on the keystone species showed that Chinese shrimp was not a keystone species of this ecosystem. The ecological carrying capacity was defined as the level of enhancement that could be introduced without significantly changing the major trophic fluxes or structure of the food web. At present, the biomass of Chinese shrimp in the ecosystem was 0.04 t·km^-2·a^-1, with a greater potential of continued enhancement. The ecological carrying capacity biomass of the Chinese shrimp was 0.846 t·km^-2·a^-1, meaning there is further potential for stock enhancement. Our results will contribute to manage the stock enhancement activities and be a good example for the carrying capacity research of other species.