The appearance of one-year precocious crabs is a severe problem in the development of the Chinese mitten crab () industry. To understand the impact of one-year precocious traits of on its offspring, one-year precocious inbred families (PI) and hybrid families (PHN) comprising one-year precocious crabs and two-year normally mature crabs were constructed to comprehensively evaluate the culture performance and total edible yield of the offspring. The results illustrated that during the juvenile in PI was always higher than in PHN. The weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and precocious rate of F₁ females from PI were higher than F₁ females from PHN ( females from PI was significantly lower than F₁ females from PHN ( male survival rate was also slightly lower than in PHN. Although the total yield of F₁ from PHN was higher, there was no statistically significant difference (>0.05). The final body weight of juveniles was normally distributed, and highest proportion of final body weights were between 3.00 g and 8.99 g. The results also showed that during the adult culture stage, the mean body weight of PI individuals was lower than those from PHN in the pre-growth period (March-May), and that the mean body weight of PHN individuals was higher than PI individuals in the late growth stage (July-September). The WGR and SGR values of PHN individuals were higher than those of PI individuals in the March-May and July-September periods. Puberty molting and gonad development was slightly earlier in PI crabs than in PHN individuals, but no statistically significant difference was observed (>0.05). Overall, the survival rate and yield were higher for PI than PHN, but feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in PI individuals (<0.05). A greater number of PHN crabs had final body weights of <125.00 g and ≥ 250.00 g. There was significant difference between the number of individuals in the two groups with body weights <125.00 g (<0.05). In terms of total edible rate (TEY), TEY of PI was higher regardless of gender. The female TEY for PI was higher than for PI males, but there was no statistically significant difference ( produce individuals with larger mean body weights, slightly higher precocious rates during the juvenile culture stage, and early puberty molting, and also produce higher survival rates, and higher yields during the adult culture stage. However, PHN of produce higher survival rates and yields during the juvenile culture stage, and produce individuals with late puberty molting and lower feed conversion ratios.