Fisheries resource management is shifting from the management of single species towards the management of the whole ecosystem. Ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) is a relatively new concept and defining and identifying a suitable ecosystem is an important prerequisite for implementing EBFM. Based on survey data of four seasons from 2014 to 2015 in the East China Sea and south of the Yellow Sea, this study classified fishery organisms into different living habit preference groups by clustering according to the biodistribution seasonal characteristics of water temperature, salinity, water depth, latitude, longitude, etc. The preference for hydrological environment, characteristics of spatial distribution, and group composition structure among all groups were analyzed and compared, in order to probe an ecosystem division method for the realization of EBFM. The fishery organisms in the surveyed seas can be divided into five groups:group 1 has a preference for high-temperature and high-salt conditions in the deep southern offshore waters, group 2 has a preference for high-temperature and high-salt conditions in the deep waters of the southern open sea, group 3 has a preference for low-temperature and low-salt-water conditions in the shallow waters near the northern coast, group 4 has a preference for medium-temperature and medium-salt conditions in the intermediate waters near the central area, and group 5 has a preference for low temperature and low salt water conditions in the shallow northern offshore waters. From the perspective of water temperature preference of group species, group 1 obviously prefers warm water, while group 5 prefers cold water. The preference of group 4 was intermediate. From the perspective of spatial distribution characteristics, the group space is distributed in blocks, and there are combinations of combinations, inclusions, and interspersions among various groups. The different groups were concentrated in different areas in different seasons. The starting point of the migration of groups 3, 4, and 5 is close to the end point of the migration. For groups 1 and 2, the starting point and the ending point of the migration are far apart, and a complete migration could not be identified. In terms of group structure and composition, the dominant species in spring and summer of group 1 were flying squid (), respectively. In group 2, the dominant species of spring and winter were horse mackerel (), respectively, and butterfish () was dominant both in summer and autumn. The situation of group 3 is relatively complicated, and the Indian Bombay duck () is dominant in all seasons except summer, the swimming crab () is dominant in spring and summer, and the scaly hairfin anchovy () is dominant in autumn and winter. For groups 4 and 5, there is only one dominant species each, the hairtail (Larimichthys polyactis), respectively.