Abstract:important role in regulating the development of the nervous system. To date, has thus far only rarely been reported. In this study, Cynoglossus semilaevis), an open reading frame (ORF) of 1 260 bp encoding a protein of 419 amino acids, and a 3’-untranslated region (UTR) of 548 bp. The homology and phylogenetic analysis revealed that was predominantly expressed in heart, and less expressed in the liver and spinal cord. Finally, the mRNA levels at early developmental stages were also detected at egg, , juvenile and fingerling stages. The highest level was observed in the embryonic stage . These findings suggest that arva stages, and maybe involved in the heart and skeletal development through the regulation of the nervous system.

Abstract:C. semilaevis Dmrt1 was expressed by the prokaryotic expression system (Pet-32a) and the protein (Pet-32-dmrt1) was subsequently purified by immobilized-metal affinity chromatography. We measured gene expression after injection of the recombinant protein Pet-32-Dmrt1 into the ovary. The expression of CYP19A and Foxl2 decreased significantly between 6 and 24 h after injection and the mRNA transcription level of Sox9aa was significantly increased between 6 and 24 h. However, the expression of all three genes expression returned to normal 48 h after injection. Our results indicate that recombinant protein has biological activity, and plays a role in sex differentiation by regulating sex related gene expression.

Abstract:The numerous and diverse body color of fish was not only excellent materials to study the molecular mechanism of body color and body color inherence, body color evolution, and it was also an ideal model to diagnosis disease. Now, five basic and stable body color patterns have existed in Oujiang color common carp (), namely “Quanhong”, “Dahua”, “Mahua”, “Fenyu” and “Fenhua”, respectively. This fish can be a very good model and material for studying body color inheritance. At the melanin synthesis signaling pathway, skin color was regulated by a small group genes. gene plays an important role in the formation of melanin, it regulates the birth, migration and differentiation of melanin. However, the effect of gene on body color has not been reported. Four healthy lines of Oujiang color carp (“Quanhong”, “Dahua”, “Fenyu”, “Fenhua”) were collected from the provincial farm of the Zhejiang. Then the skin, muscle, eye, gill, kidney, swim bladder, heart, and liver were taken out, furthermore, the black skin and red skin were sampled separately of “Dahua”, the same with black skin and white skin of “fenhua”. Total RNA was extracted using Trizol, and reverse transcribed into the First-strand cDNA. Primers were designed by Primer5 program, and the right products were purified and sequenced. The obtained sequence was analyzed by Bioedit, Clustalw, Mega and other bioinformatics softwares. The total length of gene cloned in Oujiang color common carp is 2 830 bp which contains 9 bp 5’ untranslated regions (UTR) and 1 375 bp 3’-UTR, and 1 446 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 481 amino acids. The phylogenetic analyses showed that there were 59%94% similarities in amino acid sequence with some of previously reported other species. RT-PCR analysis revealed that the gene was highly expressed in skin, muscle, eyes and swim bladder, weakly expressed in gill and heart and no expression were found in kidney and liver. Real-time PCR showed that the expression of the gene in white skin (“Whole white” body color) was significantly higher than other color patterns (<0.05), and the significantly lowest expression in black skin of “Fenhua” color pattern (<0.05), but there were no significant difference in expression level among the other color patterns ( gene is important in regulating body color variation in Oujiang color common carp. The information that obtained provides an important basis for conducting future studies on body color, and regulatory mechanisms in melanin synthesis signaling pathway, and provides an important theoretical basis for further research in body color selection during selective breeding in fish.

Abstract:population consisting of 94 individuals to construct a linkage map for Jian carp using 254 microsatellite markers. We identified 17 quantitative trait loci for body length, body height, and body thickness on 10 linkage groups (LG), which explained 10.8%–35.2% of the phenotypic variance. Comparative mapping between Jian carp and mirror carp was used to assess the homology of quantitative trait loci for growth traits based on the same markers. A comparative analysis revealed extensive synteny or collinearity between the two varieties and each Jian carp LG showed homology towards a single mirror carp LG, sharing two or more loci with mirror carp LG in most cases. Ten QTLs for growth traits in Jian carp were conserved compared with 13 QTL for the same traits in mirror carp, accounting for 58.8% of the total. The QTL confidence interval in mirror carp was more precise than the homologous interval in Jian carp, which was generally contained within the QTL interval in Jian carp. Of note, we observed QTL rich regions on the LG in Jian carp and mirror carp, where QTL affecting different traits were generally clustered. The orthologous rich regions between the two varieties may represent “hot spots” for marker assisted selection. The detection of consensus QTL provides a basis for marker assisted breeding and fine mapping in carp.

Abstract:We quantified the effects of inbreeding on growth, survival and the yield which related to survival of domesticated for the inclusion in selective breeding programs of the future. To make this assessment, we systematically bred six inbreeding generations with known parentage. During the production season, we assessed the growth, survival and yield, with One-Way ANOVA statistical analysis. inbreeding generation by every per 10% inbreeding coefficient increasing, the estimated inbreeding depression coefficient was –2.4%— –5.1% in overall carapace width, –0.8%— –3.5% in body weight, –34.4%— –69.9% in overall survival and –14.1%— –35.4% in the yield which related to survival. And compared with the F₁ inbreeding generation, the F₃ did not appear inbreeding depression phenomenon, no matter in growth, survival and the yield which related to survival, and F₂, F₄, F₅ and F₆ all appeared different degree of inbreeding depression compared with F₁ in growth, survival and the yield which related to survival, and had a high and significant effect between six inbreeding generations (<0.05). At the harvest time, we analyzed uniformity and found that the variation coefficient of F₆ inbreeding generation is the largest in six inbreeding generations, means the uniformity of F₆ inbreeding generation is the worst in six inbreeding generations, but the difference with other each generation is not significant (>0.05). The consistency in direction of the inbreeding depression coefficients for six generations lends to support to the hypothesis that inbreeding reduces growth, survival and the yield which related to survival, even though the coefficients were not statistically significant due to high variability among animals. These results suggest that inbreeding should be avoided in crab breeding programs.

Abstract:, which is an important demersal species in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. Its production ranks only second to that of in China. This species is mainly charactered by its tender meat, high reproduction, fast growth and adaption to a wide range of environment. Recently, the aquaculture area has been expanded gradually, but under the condition of centralization-breeding factor, the shrimp is easy in stressing conditions, which may cause diseases even death. In this study, we isolated the cDNA sequence of serine protease inhibitors (serpin) gene from using RT-PCR and RACE methods. The full-length cDNA of the serine protease consisted of 1 516 bp with a 1 245 bp open reading frame (ORF), encoding 414 amino acids. The predicted molecular mass of serine protease protein was 45.06 kD, and the theoretical isoelectric point was 5.694. The serine protease protein sequence contained two glycosyl binding sites, which had 49% homology. Tissue expression analysis suggested that serpin mRNA expression was highest in the hemocytes and lowest in the muscle. Real time-PCR analysis revealed that the expression of serpin gene was significantly higher in hemolymph 8 h after salinity exposure compared to the control group. Furthermore, the serpin gene expression in the hepatopancreas exhibited two obvious peaks at 2 h and 24 h after salinity stress compared with the control group. Our results suggest that serpin gene plays an important role in the salinity stress response of .

Abstract:with the shell width at 1540 mm, temporally reared them in the aquarium of 75 cm×50 cm×45 cm, 24 h aerating and natural light. We changed the water at 1/3 each day and used potato and small fish as the feed for the crab. One week later we began the experiment. According to the reference into 5 stages as stage C (intermolting) , stages D₀, D₁, and D_{3 (premolt), and stage A-B(postmolt). We evaluated the changes in the hepatopancreas cell type composition during the molting cycle using cellular and histological methods. R (resorptive) cells were the most abundant cell type throughout the molting cycle, except during the postmolt A-B stage. The number of B (blisterlike) cells increased significantly ( stage, gradually decreased thereafter until the later premolt D3 stage, then increased significantly during the postmolt A-B stage (<0.05). The number of F (fibrillar) and E (embryonic) cells generally did not change significantly ( and D0 stages (<0.05). The effect of fasting on the hepatopancreas cell type differed among the molt stages During the <0.05), whereas the number of F cells increased significantly ( animals. The number of R cells was not affected ( stage, fasting had no effect (>0.05) on the numbers of all cell types. Our results suggest that hepatopancreas cell type composition of changes with molt stage. The purpose of this study is to understand the basic biologic change during the molt of crustacean and to provide a fundamental reference for the healthy aquaculture of this species.}

Abstract:is an economically important oyster that is used for pearl production. There is considerable focus on improving selective breeding procedures for certain traits. We used the specimens of from two geographic populations in Xuwen, Guangdong and Sanya, Hainan as the parents to construct 33 full-sibs families by artificial fertilization. We estimated the genetic parameters of growth traits in juvenile . Fifty 162-day-old individuals were randomly sampled from each family. Shell length, shell height, shell width, and body weight were measured, and used for genetic analysis using a maximum likelihood algorithm based on an animal model. 4.58 ± 1.52) g, respectively. There was a significant difference between different traits in different families, indicating that family has a significant ( The heritability of these four traits are 0.202 ± 0.020, 0.203 ± 0.020, 0.200 ± 0.021, and 0.204 ± 0.020, respectively, suggesting that there was some degree of selective potential by family selection. The pairwise phenotypic and genetic correlations between growth traits were 0.6670.959, respectively. Based on our results, we predict that if one trait is improved genetically, the others will also be improved as the phenotypic and genetic correlations between the four traits were highly positive. The genetic correlation between shell width and body weight was highest (0.959), suggesting that the best way to improve body weight is by selection for shell width.

Abstract:±0.81) cm were temporally cultured for one week. We designed test trial and control trial with 20 individuals for each. Cristaria plicata. The full-length cDNA was 514 bp, consisting of a 5'-terminal untranslated region(UTR)of 57 bp, a 3'-terminal UTR of 242 bp with a poly(A)tail, and an open reading frame of 192 bp which encoded a polypeptide of 63 amino acids residues, including 23 signal peptides and 40 mature peptides. The predicted molecular weight was 7.13 kD, the theoretical isoelectric point was 8.72. The predicted structure revealed that defensin gene contained a conserved cysteine-stabilized α-helix and two β-sheet(CSαβ)structural motif. We measured the expression defensin in the hemocytes, mantle, gill, and hepatopancreas cell/mL). Before stimulation, the expression of defensin was highest in the mantle and was about 1.25 times that in hemocytes and gill. After injection(at 0, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 h), the relative expression first decreased in the mantle and hepatopancreas then increased significantly in the control group. There was no change in defensin expression in the hemocytes and gill. In the experimental group, expression peaked after 12 h in the hemocytes then decreased. Conversely, defensin expression was highest in the other tissues at 0 h, and then decreased gradually. Expression increased slightly in the mantle and gill at 24 h and 36 h.

Abstract:. The longitudinal muscle bands at the rear of the abdominal cavity were severed with scissors. The sea cucumbers were then reared in sea water containing antibiotics (100 IU/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin), and the structural changes of the regenerated longitudinal muscle bands were documented using morphological and histological methods. Morphological analysis revealed a gap of 0.5–1 cm around the broken muscle bands caused by contraction of the longitudinal muscle after surgery. Ivory and flocculent tissue (muscle precursors) were observed at the trauma site 15 d after the operation. The muscle precursor thickened 30–45 d after injury and the ends of the severed muscle were reconnected. The muscle precursor gradually transformed into muscle bands that were half the thickness of the normal longitudinal muscle 60–90 d after surgery. The regenerated longitudinal muscle bands grew further, and were only slightly smaller in diameter 110–130 d after surgery. The longitudinal muscle bands were completely regenerated 150 d after surgery, and there was no significant difference from undamaged muscle fibers. Histological analysis revealed that the muscle precursor was composed of connective tissue and individual muscle fibers 15 d after surgery. At 30–45 d, the number of new muscle cells increased significantly, and there was evidence of “bridged’ connections between thickening muscle precursors and the body wall. At 60–90 d, the thickening muscle precursor was largely replaced by muscle fibers, and could be classified as longitudinal muscle bands. Concurrently, the number of “bridged’ connections increased. At 110–130 d, the number of new muscle fibers increased significantly and the number of “bridged” connections decreased. At 150 d, the longitudinal muscle bands had regenerated completely and the “bridged” connections had disappeared. Our observations suggest that the longitudinal muscle bands have a strong ability for regeneration and the new muscle cells are derived from the connective tissue cells in the body wall and the coelomic epithelium.

Abstract:) is a species of anadromous migratory large fish living for decades, and is a special rare fish in China. In 2009, we got the second filial generation (F₂) from the F₁ of this species by complete artificial propagation under fresh water, which meant China got successful progress in conservation of But the question is if there exists difference in biologic characteristics between the wild species and artificial F₂. In this study, we tested the response of larval to four l1 920 lx), and two modes of illumination (dark and surface light source). The phototactic behavior of each individual was observed for 30 min/d for 24 consecutive days. Between 0–8 d after hatch (dah), the individual ratio of phototaxis movement in the groups under the dark treatment and surface light source illumination was significantly lower (<0.05) than for those exposed to the point light source. Furthermore, the individual ratio under the point light treatment increased with increasing light intensity, and there was a significant difference in the ratio at 320 lx and 1 920 lx or 100 lx (<0.05). At 8 dah, there was evidence of larval phototaxis at all four point light source intensities, though phototaxis was significantly higher at 100 lx than at 960 lx (<0.05). The larvae were positioned on the bottom of the plastic jar and did not exhibit any significant phototaxis. Our results suggest that the second filial generation of Chinese sturgeon larvae are very sensitive to weak light between 0–8 dah, and gradually lose phototaxis after that time. This is consistent with observations of phototactic behavior in wild Chinese sturgeon larvae.

Abstract:Saline-alkaline water is relatively prevalent throughout China. High alkalinity is thought to represent a significant stressor for aquatic organisms that occupy saline-alkaline waters. is a commercially important fish that is endemic to Qinghai Lake, a high saline-alkali environment. This species is anadromous and migrates up rivers to spawn between April to July. The abundance of has decreased dramatically because of over-fishing and habitat degradation. As a result, it is now listed as an endangered fish. Thus, an understanding of the changes in stress-related enzymes in the liver and kidney of juvenile ) may prove useful for protecting the remaining 32 or 64 mmol/L carbonate alkalinity stress and measured the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), acid phosphatase (ACP), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in the liver and kidney 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 9 d after the initial exposure. SOD is involved in the elimination of reactive oxygen species, which are produced following exposure to environmental stressors, whereas ACP and AKP assist in the elimination of metabolic products by dephosphorylation. The activity of both liver and kidney SOD initially increased with exposure time then returned to control levels. Liver SOD activity peaked in the C_A32 and C_A64 groups on day 3, whereas kidney SOD activity peaked on days 4 and 3, respectively. Interestingly, carbonate alkalinity stress promoted ACP activity in the liver but inhibited its activity in the kidney. There was no significant change in ACP activity in the liver of the C_A32 group. Conversely, levels in the C_A64 group were highest on day 4. Kidney ACP activity was lowest on day 1 and peaked on day 7 in the C_A32 group, but was lowest after 12 h in the C_A64 group. Both liver and kidney AKP activity increased with increasing exposure time. Liver AKP activity peaked on day 1 and 3 in the C_A32 and C_A64 groups, respectively. Our results suggest that liver and kidney SOD, ACP, and AKP play important role in the acclimation of to carbonate alkalinity stress. The activity of these three enzymes was up-regulated by exposure to carbonate alkalinity stress, but recovered to control levels within 4 d, suggesting that has the ability to adapt to concentrations <64 mmol/L carbonate alkalinity. The changes in the activity of these three enzymes likely plays an important role in protecting from carbonate alkalinity stress. The activity of the three enzymes was up-regulated earlier in the kidney than in the liver, suggesting that the physiological responses to carbonate alkalinity occur earlier in the kidney than in the liver. Our results provide insight into how these three enzymes to carbonate alkalinity stress, and provide a basis for setting water quality guidelines for the conservation of .

Abstract:, is able to neutralize the toxicity of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins. This information offers a groundwork on investigating the detoxifcation of the PSP. Unfortunately, whether or not the treatment methods of the hemolymph will affect the PSP toxicity neutralization is still unclear. In this study, the effects of anticoagulants (EDTA, ), extracting methods (syringe needling extraction and tissue homogenizing extraction) and freezing storage condition (with or without sucrose) on PSP toxicity neutralization of the hemolymph were investigated through the mouse assay. The results showed that the mice intraperitoneal injection with the PSP mixed with EDTA-hemolymph were survival, while the mice’s groups mixed with sodium oxalate, sodium citrate and heparin sodium (28.89 ± 0.59) min and (14.08 ± 0.6) min, which to be 5.4, 5.3 and 2.6 times to that of corresponding control, respectively. Low EDTA concentration was efficacious in anticoagulation of the hemolymph and preserving a good PSP neutralization, which seemed to be repressed with in presence of excessive EDTA. Hemolymph extracted by syringe needle showed higher PSP neutralization than that of extracted by tissue homogenization. While the EDTA concentration was at 5 mmol/L in 20 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), 67% of the mice for the hemolymph group extracted by syringe needle died at more than 30 minutes. By comparison, the mice’s death time for hemolymph group extracted by tissue homogenization ranged at 8.124.0 min. Moreover, sucrose could protect the hemolymph against from freeze denaturation. After freezing for 2 weeks, the PSP neutralization of the hemolymph with sucrose remained unchanged, while that of the hh without sucrose decreased. These results indicate that the PSP neutralization of hemolymph was remarkably effected by anticoagulants, extraction methods and freezing storage condition.

Abstract:Reeve) during their early ontogeny. The bacteria in the phycospere on the surface of the attachment substance has a significant impact on the growth of the larvae. Up to now, little is known about the bacterial diversity in the phycospere on the adhering substance. We collected the attachment substance from seedling Reeve and analyzed the bacterial community diversity and variation in the phycospere by PCR-DGGE. The bacterial community structure in the phycospere changed over time. Although there was considerable similarity in the community between adjacent days (Dice coefficient C_s: 80.9%–96.1%) there was a significant difference between early stage and late stage seedlings. Analysis of the diversity index revealed an increase in the richness of the bacterial diversity of the phycospere in early stage seedlings, and diversity was maintained thereafter. The bacterial diversity index remained within a given range because of the influence of algae growth and abalone feeding activity. Our results provide a theoretical basis for scientific breeding and healthy aquaculture of abalone, and lay a foundation for further study of the relationship between environmental changes and bacterial diseases of larval abalone.

Abstract:Xianshan Bay (121°25′–122° 03′E, 29°05′–29°46′N) is located in the middle of Zhejiang province along the coast, a long and narrow semi-closed bay with the water area of 1 445 km², and average water depth of 20 m. In recent years, the scale of aquaculture became larger and larger, and with pollution from land-based source, which made the environment in this bay increasingly 2009–2011, we expanded the scale of macro-algae culture near the cage area of middle Xiangshan Bay to try to restore the habitat around the areas of cage culture. To assess the response, we measured the characteristics of the bacterial communities in the sediment of using PCR, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), cloning, and sequencing. The bacterial communities in the sediment environment of the cage culture area consisted primarily of 7 phyla lineages of the domain bacteria. There was an increase in bacterial diversity during restoration and the dominantAcinetobacter. sp. DSW4-37, bacterial community in the algal culture area consisted primarily of 5 phyla lineages of the domain bacteria and the . RDA analysis revealed that influencingThe improving trend in bacterial communities was consistent with improvements in chemical indices. the use of macroalgae to restore the , and bacterial community structure can be used as an index to evaluate the effectiveness of habitat restoration.

Abstract:is a special economic species in China. Under the artificial aquaculture, the toxicity in this species decreases, which makes the fish consumption more widely than before. But the ability of anti-diseases decreases under aquaculture condition, which restricts the development of the aquaculture industry for this species. We used healthy juvenile specimens of at body weight about 50 g. According to the requirement of this study we designed item trials with 3 replicates for each. The fish were administered β-glucans either by injection or orally (in feed). We subsequently experimentally infected each individual with at various times after injection with β-glucan. We observed an increase in serum lysozyme (LZM), catalase (CAT), total serum protein (TSP), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (<0.05), but not complement 3(C3). Intraperitoneal injection of β-glucan significantly enhanced survival. Oral administration of β-glucan enhanced non-specific immunity (<0.05), but had no effect on weight percent gain (WPG) and specific growth rate (SGR) (>0.05). There was no difference in the non-specific immune response between groups that received continuous administration and those that received a single dose

Abstract:. We formulated five compound feeds with different levels of dried , but all with 32% total protein and 8% lipid. Three of the diets contained 5%, 10%, or 15% dried seaweed. Two diets contained 10% or 15% dried seaweed supplemented with 0.2% non-starch polysaccharide enzymes(NSP enzymes). The control diet had no seaweed. Groups of rabbitfishfor 8 weeks. We measured growth and physiological and biochemical indexes to determine the optimum dietary ratio of . The addition of 5% seaweed had no effect on growth relative to the control group(0.05), whereas growth declined significantly in fish fed diets with 10% or 15% seaweed(0.05). However, there was no difference in growth between fish fed diets with 10% or 15% seaweed group and difference in survival or the whole fish moisture, protein, fat, and ash contents among the groups(0.05). The activities of hydrogen peroxide enzyme and glutathione peroxidase increased, whereas content decreased in the liver and muscle of fish fed diets containing seaweed. Our results suggest that the optimal proportion of in rabbitfish diet is 5%, or between 10%-15% if supplemented with 0.2% NSP enzymes. The addition of seaweed in diets may also increase the antioxidant capacity.

Abstract:The half-smooth tongue-sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis Gunthe) is commonly reared in a recirculating aquaculture system. We evaluated the effect of the air-to-liquid ratio on the purification efficiency, DO, and pH in the biological aerated filters of a recirculating system. The test system was maintained at (19 ±1)the removal rate of TAN increased from 35.0% to 52.0%, and the removal rate of NO₂-N increased from 8.2% to 44.6%. Thus, the air-to-liquid ratio had a significant impact on nitrification, whereas the influence of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate was not significant. The average removal rate was 10.14%. The pH values increased from 7.97 to 8.08 but decreased between the biofilter inlet and the outlet. The optimal air-to-liquid ratio was 1.25:1. This resulted in DO levels at the inlet of the first bio-filter tank that were close to saturation. Between the first bio-filter tank and the final bio-filter tank, DO only decreased by 10%. The recirculation aquaculture system maintained the water pH value between 7.9 and 8.1. Our results provide a reference for optimization of bio-film process culture conditions.

Abstract:is one of the most important linkage in the food web. In this study, we made detailed quantitative analysis from the view of time sequence of oscillation characteristics of Antarctic krill resources. The biological and physical process is also combined to explain the reason that the oscillation of krill resources. The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) area 48in the Atlantic Sector of Antarctic Ocean also is the main fishing ground of Chinese Antarctic krill fishery. Using the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) estimation, the present study analyzes the monthly catch rate of Antarctic krill fishery from 1982 to 2011 to explain the multi-time scale response relationship to the environmental oscillation. The result show that the oscillation represent 0.5 a, 1 a, 1.5 a, 2.5 a, 7 a and nearly 11 a periodicities, in which high-frequency oscillation has a significant impact on the Antarctic krill abundance fluctuation. The in CCAMLR area 48 all show seasonal oscillations, low oscillation in summer and high oscillation in winter can be found. The CPUE peak points appear in May, June and September in subareas 48.1(50°–70°W, 60°–65°S), 48.2 (30°–50°W, 57°–64°S) and 48.3 (30°–50°W, 50°–­­57°S), respThe primary oscillation periodicity (the explanation rate of variance is 46.7%) is 1 a, and the annual recruitment size of Antarctic krill is the most important contribution of the catch rate. the explanation rate of variance is1.5 a oscillation period can be considered as a synthesis result of two main high-frequency. The 2.5 a oscillation of catch rate is related to the 3.0 a oscillation of seaice coverage and the longer oscillation periodicity of catch rate has a linkage to the oscillation periodicity of climate-current system. The CPUEs have increasing trend in the CCAMLR subarea 48.1, 48.2 and 48.3, although the overall abundance has a remarkably decreasing trend in the Atlantic Sector of Antarctic Ocean, particularly subareas 48.2 and 48.3. A significant positive correlation can be found between seaice coverage and catch rate (coefficient of correlation is 0.44, and < 0.01), the phase gap is 10 months with CPUE behind seaice coverage. The oscillation of seaice coverage anomaly can put a remarkably positive impact on the catch rate and catch rate anomaly of Antarctic krill fishery with a gap of 8 to 11 months (the coefficient of correlation respectively is 0.18 and 0.21, and < 0.01). The oscillation of Antarctic krill fishery is a response of combined influence of environmental oscillation and life history cycle of Antarctic krill.

Abstract:are supplemented by release of hatchery individuals in Xiangshan Bay. There is little information describing the basic biology of , which hinders efforts to improve the supplementation programN. albiflora from Xiangshan Bay between October 2011 and September 2012, and analyzed the stomach contents and the prey species from them. We used dietary prey species percentage in weight, dietary prey species percentage in number, and occurrence frequency of species in stomach content to analyze the organism composition in diets. We used the importance index (IRI) and IRI% to determine the importance of the prey species in diets, used the empty stomach rate and stomach fullness index to evaluate the feeding intensity of fish, and used selection index selection. , suggesting it was a generalist. Shrimps were the dominant prey groups. At the species level, the main prey items were Oratosquilla oratori, . Feeding activity varied seasonally and with ontogeny. The feeding intensity was lowest in winter and in large-sized individuals (>190 mm). Feeding activity was also correlated with gonad maturation. The diet composition of was similar in autumn, winter, and spring, consisting primarily of , Palaemon macrodactylus, . Shrimps were the dominant prey groups of Oratosquilla oratori were the dominant prey groups of large-sized individuals (>220 mm).Palaemon macrodactylus0.145, V=0.141, was abundant in the environment, but it was negatively selected in the diet (N. albiflora. The feeding selectivity of was related to the composition and individual size of food organisms in the environment. To a certain degree, the prey animals’ ability to escape predators and the length of the individual also affected the feeding ecology ofN. albiflora has abundant feed resources and the prey species are various, and the composition of prey species and feeding intensity in different season or different body size class are variational, and this species has a unique feed selection and ecology. It suggests that the distribution of prey organism forin Xiangshan Bay should be considered during the selection of releasing scope, releasing season and releasing spot for the purpose of conservation and enhancement of this species.

Abstract:investigated in sagittal otoliths using landmark-based method among four sympatric speciesPennahia: =50), =49) and .The Beibu Gulf from April 2010 to October 2010. Landmark coordinate values were extracted after otolith digitized by image processing and relative warp principal component (RW), thin plate spline analysis and grad distortion. The 12 RW were then identified using discrimination analysis to differentiate the otoliths of fourspecies. RW accounted forlandmarks 5 and 8 had important contributions, and could explain the most variation. The most morphological variation were displayed in neck, head width pole, and tail of tadpole-shaped sulcus. The gradual discrimination analysis and cross validation indicated that , average exactitude distinguish ratios of 81.6%~100%, while indicating that it contained a potential risk by using the morphology of tadpole-shaped impression owned by species. It is necessary to notice this problem in the related otolith morphology research and application in feeding ecology.

Abstract:By using cell culture and virus infection methods, a virus had been isolated from ) suffering with severe hemorrhage, which were cultured in a circulation aquaculture system in Wuhan,and then identified as Cyprinid herpesvirus 2(CyHV-2), designated as CyHV-2 WH strain, by electron microscopy observation, nested-PCR and viral DNA sequencing and sequence alignment analysis. The of diseased fish could cause typical cytopathic effect in Koi-Fin cells. In artificial infection test, the typical symptoms of hemorrhage could be reproduced as naturally infected fish by infecting both , and the death rate reached 100%. Electron microscopy observation of ultra-thin section samples of spleen and kidney tissues revealed that the viral was spherical in shape measuring 110–120 nm in diameter with a 170–200 nm envelope. The obtained by the nested-PCR assay of both tissue homogenate and cell culture. Sequence alignment analysis of the DNA fragment showed that WH (>99.44%) with the published DNA helicase gene sequence of CyHV-2 stains in GenBank, meanwhile, it shared 81.55% identity with CyHV-3 stains. Phylogenetic analysis showed that WH strain formed an independent branch on the phylogenetic tree with other CyHV-2 strains such as JS2012, H.Fukuda and YC110907.

Abstract:Ocean acidification (OA) affects macromolecules of marine organisms by affecting acid-base balance, energy metabolism, cellular stress response, macromolecular transportation and gene expression, while the composition and contents of the macromolecules play a decisive role on the existence, growth and development of marine organism. Up to now, seldom reports are on this field and the mechanism of OA effects has not been cleared. The present paper reviews the studies on the effects and mechanisms of OA on marine biological nucleic acids, proteins and fatty acids which, provides a basic information for the control of OA at the molecular level, and provides reference for the protection of marine ecological environment and organisms as well as scientific regulation of aquaculture seawater.

Abstract:In the development process of B and T lymphocytes, variable region (V), the diversity region (J) and joining region (D) of BCR and TCR loci (Tcrδ) are target of V(D)J recombination, which is completed under the recombination activating protein (RAG-1 and RAG-2). This rearrangement mechanism endows the body with a huge library of antibodies to resist the multiple pathogenic microorganisms in nature. RAGs structure is divided into a core and a non-core area, while the core area exerts an enzyme cutting function, and the non-core region, such as nonamer and zinc finger, plays a regulation role in V(D)J recombination. The expression of RAGs is regulated at the gene and protein levels with stringent temporal and spatial condition, in order to ensure the normal development of B/T cells. More and more reports of RAGs structure and function are found in freshwater and marine fish. According to the characteristics of RAGs and the stability in the evolution process, RAGs have been considered as wonderful indictors to research on fish immune system and system evolution. Based on the study of red-spotted grouper immune system, the development process of the immune system were discussed when RAGs were used as a marker, which would provide the basis for artificial propagation and fish vaccine.