基于大型底栖动物的桑沟湾不同养殖区底栖生境健康评价
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S967

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国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项(2019YFD0900803);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费项目(20603022020001);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2020TD50).


Health assessment of large-scale aquaculture on benthic habitats in Sanggou Bay
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    摘要:

    为了解桑沟湾养殖区大型底栖动物的动态变化以及底栖生境的健康状况,于2019年5-9月采集了中国北方典型养殖海湾桑沟湾不同养殖区(藻类、贝类和网箱养殖区)大型底栖动物样品,分析了不同养殖区大型底栖动物的种类、组成、数量分布、群落结构及生物多样性等群落特征,运用多样性指数、AMBI和M-AMBI指数法评价了不同养殖区底栖生境健康状况的时空变化。调查共鉴定出大型底栖动物56种,其中多毛类31种,甲壳类10种,软体动物9种,棘皮动物4种,其他类2种,大型底栖动物的优势种主要为多毛类,以污染耐受种为主;调查期间,贝类养殖区和网箱养殖区的群落多样性指数H'呈现下降趋势,表明贝类养殖活动和网箱养殖活动已经造成沉积物中有机物颗粒过度积累。ABC曲线显示,7月桑沟湾养殖区开始受到干扰,8月和9月受到中等程度的干扰。AMBI和M-AMBI指数评价显示桑沟湾养殖区域底栖生态系统处于轻度或中度干扰状态,底栖生境健康状况处于高等或者良好的状态。

    Abstract:

    Seaweed-bivalve polyculture and Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) of seaweed, bivalves, fishes, and sea cucumbers have been conducted in Sanggou Bay for decades, leading the development of eco-farming globally. To understand the dynamic changes of macrobenthos and the health status of benthic habitats in the Sanggou Bay, five surveys of macrobenthos were conducted in different mariculture areas of to understand the impact of aquaculture on the benthic ecosystem from May to September 2019. The community characteristics of macrobenthos, such as species abundance, composition, distribution, and biodiversity were analyzed in different mariculture areas in five surveys, and the health status of the benthic ecosystem in Sanggou Bay was assessed using the AZTI Marine Index (AMBI) and multivariate-AMBI(M-AMBI). A total of 56 species were identified, including 31 Polychaetes, 10 Crustacea, 9 Mollusca, 3 Echinodermata, and 2 species of other taxa. The dominant species were Lumbrinereis sp., Tharyx multifilis, Notomastus latericeus, Mediomastus californiensis, Amaeana occidentalis, Paranthura japonica, Scoloplos sp., Potamocorbula laevis, Glycinde gurjanovae, and Cirolana japonensis. During the breeding period, the community diversity index H' of the shellfish and cage culture areas showed a downward trend, indicating that shellfish and cage culture activities have caused excessive organic particle accumulation in the sediments. The abundance/biomass curves showed that the macrobenthos community structure in the Sanggou Bay breeding area began to be disturbed in July, and was moderately disturbed in August and September. The AMBI and M-AMBI Index analyses showed that the macrobenthic community was not disturbed or slightly disturbed and the benthic habitat health tended to relatively good.

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丁敬坤,薛素燕,李加琦,张雯雯,霍恩泽,于文涵,马占飞,蒋增杰,毛玉泽.基于大型底栖动物的桑沟湾不同养殖区底栖生境健康评价[J].中国水产科学,2020,27(12):1393-1401
DING Jingkun, XUE Suyan, LI Jiaqi, ZHANG Wenwen, HUO Enze, YU Wenhan, MA Zhanfei, JIANG Zengjie, MAO Yuze. Health assessment of large-scale aquaculture on benthic habitats in Sanggou Bay[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2020,27(12):1393-1401

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  • 收稿日期:2020-04-20
  • 最后修改日期:2020-06-29
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-12-17
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