Mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) is a top predator in the freshwater ecosystem, and also a traditional fishery target in China. Over the years, due to the excessive interference of human activities, the natural resources of mandarin fish in large water bodies such as lakes and reservoirs have sharply declined. As an important measure for the conservation and restoration of aquatic biological resources, stock enhancement has been carried out in a large number of countries worldwide. In recent years, a series of basic research studies on stock enhancement of mandarin fish have been carried out, which has effectively improved this comprehensive benefit. This paper summarizes the stock enhancement technology of mandarin fish based on a reasonable stocking size, release season, release site, and release numbers. The latest progress in the effect evaluation of mandarin fish stock enhancement on three aspects of economic benefit, ecological effect, and social benefit are systematically reviewed. The future research direction is also highlighted which provides a reference for stock enhancement of mandarin fish in China.