The waters in Southwest China are rich ecological environments that provide fishery resources, with many endemic fish species. However, owing to ecological environment destruction and overfishing, such fishery resources in Southwest China have been greatly reduced in recent years. To improve and repair its resources, stock enhancement activities were recorded between 2016 and 2019 according to the Guidance on Doing a Good Job in the stock enhancement of Aquatic Organisms during the 13^th period of the 5-year plan in Southwest China. The results showed the following: (1) in Southwest China, from 2016 to 2019, a total of 56 stock enhancement activities were carried out in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, involving 95 species of hydrobionts, including 92 species of fish, one species of amphibian, and 54 turtle genera. (2) From 2016 to 2019, a total of 53890.15 × 10⁴ fish were released, most of which were Cyprinidae, with an investment of ￥27128.1600 × 10⁴ . (3) Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis, and Ctenopharyngodon idellus constituted the main hydrobionts used in stock enhancement. Myxocyprinus asiaticus represented the main rare and endangered hydrobiont. (4) Most of the released individuals measured 1–15 cm, and the release period was concentrated in late autumn and early winter. (5) From the quantity of the total released individuals in Southwest China between 2016 and 2019, the purpose of the releases can be assumed to be for promoting fishermen’s income and biological water purification. The purpose of releasing the specific species was to protect endemic fish populations. This research shows that the selection, time, specification, effect evaluation, and social publicity of released species in stock enhancement activities in Southwest China from 2016 to 2019 need to be further improved. In view of the above problems, we put forward some suggestions to better carry out stock enhancements, to provide a reference basis for China to carry out future stock enhancements.