Marine biofouling has always been one of the major problems in world fishery development. Fishery equipment has been immersed in seawater environment for a long time, and biofouling will reduce its service life and affect the normal use. Marine fishery equipment is the special equipment used for production operations in the marine environment, mainly including aquaculture equipment, fishing equipment, aquatic processing equipment, etc. Among them, marine fishing vessels, offshore cage netting and fishing equipment are the important basic equipment for the development of marine fishery economy. However, due to long-term overall or partial contact with the sea water, biological attachment phenomenon appears, which seriously affects the normal use of fishery equipment, thus causing different degrees of economic losses. Furthermore, biological attachment is a unique function of natural organisms. Many animals or plants have an attachment mechanism through which they carry out various biological functions. When the organisms with the habit of attachment use marine fishery equipment as the substrate, the phenomenon of biological attachment is caused. The biological attachment on the equipment of marine fishing vessels leads to the decrease of ship speed, the increase of fuel consumption, and the increase of operation cost. The biological attachment on the offshore cage netting will reduce the life of the net and cause clogging of the net mouth, thus reducing the survival rate of the cultured fish. At present, domestic anti-fouling coatings combined with manual removal are adopted to deal with biofouling in offshore cage netting, but the effect is not satisfactory. Some cages located in the South China Sea were once broken due to improper manual removal, and a large number of fish escaped, resulting in serious economic losses. Similarly, the use of diluted foreign antifouling coating combined with a small amount of TBT method to remove organic matter adhering to the surface of marine fishing vessels, the ocean-going fishing vessels located in Guangxi need to dock every 6 months for repairs and are less effective in preventing fouling. The commonly used biofouling prevention techniques in China has some disadvantages such as toxic, time-consuming, laborious, weak timeliness and easy to damage equipment, etc., so it cannot effectively control biological contamination. Therefore, it is of great significance to further study the biological attachment phenomenon, take reasonable and effective measures to restrain or reduce the marine biofouling, and achieve the long-term use of marine fishery equipment to improve the economic benefits of marine fishery. This paper provides an overview of the hazards and attachment mechanisms of marine biological attachment and the biological attachment situation of Chinese coastal fishery equipment, and summarizes current world biological attachment control technology, with emphasis on the application of self-polishing copolymers and antifouling coatings in marine fishery vessels and marine netting systems.