In order to study the tolerance and physiological response of Neocaridina denticulata to hypoxia at different temperatures, N. denticulata was placed in a closed breathing bottle at different temperatures (20, 25 and 30 ℃) to induce acute hypoxia stress. The oxygen consumption rate, lethal dissolved oxygen level, and enzyme activities related to antioxidant and respiratory metabolism of the shrimp were detected. The results showed that the oxygen consumption rate of shrimp increased significantly with increasing temperature and dissolved oxygen in water. The lethal dissolved oxygen level of shrimp was less than 0.1 mgO₂/L when the shrimp live in water with temperatures from 20 ℃ to 30 ℃. In the oxygen-enriched control, the activities of shrimp succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), cytochrome c oxidase (COX), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) all increased with increasing water temperature, while the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) first increased and then decreased. Under hypoxic stress conditions, COX and LDH activities increased with increasing water temperature, while SDH activity remained relatively constant, and SOD activity decreased. Compared with shrimp in oxygen-rich water, the shrimp under hypoxia stress displayed significantly decreased SDH activity and significantly increased LDH activity, as well as relatively constant COX activity. At 30 ℃, the SOD activity of shrimp treated with hypoxia stress was significantly lower than in the oxygen-enriched group. However, at 20 ℃ and 25 ℃, there was no significant difference in SOD activity between the oxygen-enriched and hypoxia stress groups. It is therefore suggested that N. denticulata has strong tolerance to hypoxia and a physiological mechanism of rapidly increasing anaerobic respiratory enzyme activity, as well as decreasing aerobic respiratory enzyme activities to cope with hypoxia stress.