Marine fisheries are closely related to international food security and the health of marine ecosystems. Due to progress in science and technology, contemporary marine fisheries have developed rapidly but still face a series of problems, such as the decline of fishery resources, the effect of bottom trawling on the seabed, bycatch and discards, ghost fishing and plastic pollution caused by ALDFG (abandoned, lost, discarded fishing gear), climate change, and unbalanced development. This article reviews the progress in the management, technical innovation, and best practices of marine fisheries, which aim to alleviate the above problems. Based on our review, we suggest that stakehoders should: (1) further strengthen basic and applied research into eco-friendly fishing gear and methods, energy efficient technologies, recycling technologies for end-of-life fishing gear, and biodegradable material; (2) identify best practices for energy efficient technology and for reducing by-catch, the impact of bottom trawling on the benthic environment, and the addition of end-of-life fishing gear into the ocean; (3) strengthen exploration and research into incentive mechanisms; increase policy support for the recycling industry for end-of-life fishing gear; improve management systems for marine fisheries and end-of-life fishing gear and enhance governance capacity; (4) strengthen fishery cooperation between countries or regions, share management knowledge and promote balanced development between regions; and (5) strengthen strategic research into adaptation to climate change. Thus, to promote the sustainable development of fisheries, we need to make a long-term plan and adopt all necessary measures.