Geosmin is the main cause of the earthy-musty odor in freshwater aquaculture products, which seriously hinders its popularity and development. The presence of this earthy compound, to a certain extent, has a negative impact on the consumption of cultured bighead carp, as food safty, nutrition and flavor has become equally important to the general consumers. Hence, attention has been paid to the establishment of a method to detect and remove geosmin. The threshold of the odor for geosmin in water is 20 ng/L, while it is lower when measured by µg/L in fish, which determines the arduous nature of the extraction and enrichment of geosmin. Most of the existing technologies focus on the detection of geosmin in water, such as HS-SPME-GC method invented by ZHANG Xihui, by which the typical odor compounds can be tested with the detection limit of 0.4 ng/L; and SPME-GC-MS method invented by WU Dehao, and so on. The present study established the instrumental method to detect geosmin by microwave mediated distillation with headspace solid-phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrum. Through the improvement of the parameters in the microwave distillation and solid-phase micro-extraction, the optimum conditions are defined as follows: the power of microwave is 350 W, and the time of distillation is 10 min, with 70 mL/min nitrogen flow; the time and temperature for extraction is 30 min and 60 ℃,with the stirring speed being 1 500 r/min. The determination has low detection limit, and it is 1.0 ng/L for geosmin in fish. Indition, there was significant linear correlation in the range of 5–100 ng/L for geosmin, with the correlation coefficient at 0.996. Live bighead carp with body length of 50 cm230) g bought from Nanshan fish market in Qingdao in October were taken as the experiment material. With this determination, the average content of geosmin in bighead carp meat is measured to be 5.4 µg/L. The establishment of this method has far-reaching significance for the general determination of the earthy-musty odors in aquaculture product and it also provides an effective way to remove geosmin in aquaculture product.