with distinguishable morphological characters in upper Heilongjiang River of China were sampled from Huma River, Emur River and other branches of Heilongjiang River. Twenty-four complete nucleotide control region of the mtDNA were sequenced and the phylogenetic tree was constructed for their taxonomic status. The results showed that the fishes in upper Heilongjiang River were divided into 3 monophyletic groups, and the mean genetic difference was 0.048 - 0.062, which showed genetic difference among species. The results imply there are 3 species of in upper Heilongjiang Rive. According to morphological data, 2 of them were respectively, and another one should be a new record species of Heilongjiang River, which clustered together with the grayling Lena River, and mean genetic diversity was 0.006 and made up of a sister group with , between which the mean genetic diversity was 0.029−0.038. Based on this study, the conclusion is that there are 3 species in of which the origin and evolution with their distribution are discussed in this study.