1. 华中农业大学 水产学院, 湖北 武汉 430070; 2. 湖南文理学院 生命科学学院, 湖南 常德 415000; 3. 农业部淡水生物繁育重点实验室, 湖北 武汉 430070
彭晓珍(1989-;), 女, 硕士研究生, 研究方向为水产动物营养生理. E-mail: 13163381815@163.com
S963
“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划课题(2012BAD25B06); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2013PY024); 国家自然科学基金项目(30970529); 湖北省自然科学基金重点项目(2012FFA029).
1. College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; 2. Life Science College, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070,
在水温(22±2)℃下, 通过 8 周的生长实验, 研究了饲料中添加含药用植物茯苓(Poria)、白芍(Radix Paeoniae Alba)、 鱼腥草(Herba Houttuyniae)及大黄(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei)的混合添加剂对初始体质量为(137.61±22.26) g 的施氏鲟 (Acipenser schrenckii)生长性能和血液生化指标的影响。药用植物添加剂配比: 茯苓、白芍、鱼腥草、大黄质量比为 7︰ 5︰4︰4(干粉)。将施氏鲟饲养在室内圆形水族箱(半径 44 cm, 水深 50 cm)中, 每箱 8 尾, 每日 3 次饱食投喂添加上述药 用植物的饲料, 添加量为饲料总质量的 0%(对照组)、0.5%、1%和 2%, 每组 3 个平行。结果表明, 当药用植物添加量为 0.5%时, 施氏鲟的摄食量、增重率、特定生长率以及蛋白质表观消化率最高(分别为 385.76 g、241.46%、2.19%/d 和 75.59%), 显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。当添加量为 1%时, 施氏鲟血浆酸性磷酸酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05), 0.5%及 1% 添加量可显著提高血浆总蛋白和球蛋白的含量(P<0.05)。植物性添加剂使施氏鲟血浆中总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量均显著 低于对照组(P<0.05)。当添加量达到 2%时, 施氏鲟血浆谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶以及乳酸脱氢酶活性显著升高(P<0.05)。 饲料中添加0.5%的植物添加剂可以显著降低施氏鲟血浆中皮质醇含量(P<0.05); 0.5%~1%添加量可以显著提高血浆甲状 腺素含量(P<0.05)。饲料中添加适量的药用植物对施氏鲟具有一定的促生长、缓解应激、提高免疫力及降低血脂的作用。
We evaluated the effects of dietary supplement with herbs on growth performance and plasma biochemical characteristics of Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii). A compound herbal additive, containing Poria, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Herba Houttuyniae, and Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, was added into the basal feed of Acipenser schrenckii. Amur sturgeon were assigned to one of four treatment groups (n=8 fish/group, initial body weight: 137.61±22.26 g) and fed a diet supplemented with 0% (control), 0.5%, 1%, or 2% of the herbal additive for 8 weeks. Each treatment group was conducted in triplicate. Fish were fed to apparent satiation three times daily. We measured growth, plasma biochemical profiles, plasma hormone levels, and immune-related indicators. The body weight of each fish was measured every thirteen days during the experimental period. The weight gain rate(WGR), specific growth rate(SGR), and digestibility (D) were significantly higher in the 0.5% group than in the control group (P<0.05). However, the SGR and WGR of fish fed diets supplemented with 1% and 2% herbal additive were not different from those in the control group (P<0.05). The highest acid phosphatase (ACP) activity was observed in fish fed a diet supplemented with 1% herbal additive (P<0.05). Plasma total protein and globulin contents were significantly higher in both the 0.5% and 1% groups than in the control group (P<0.05). Plasma concentrations of cholestenone (CHOL) and glycerin trilaurate (TG) decreased significantly in fish fed diets supplemented with the herbal additive(P<0.05). Plasma alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased significantly in fish fed 2% herbal additive(P<0.05). Supplementation with herbal additives reduced plasma cortisol levels in the 0.5% group but increased plasma T4 levels significantly in both the 0.5% and 1% groups (P<0.05). Our results suggest that supplementation with herbal additives at a 0.5% level can improve growth performance and alleviate stress in Acipenser schrenckii. Furthermore, the medicinal plants used in this study reduced the level of blood lipid in Amur sturgeon fed the formula feed.
彭晓珍,李大鹏,郭威,亓成龙,曹静静.茯苓、白芍、鱼腥草及大黄复方药用植物添加剂对施氏鲟生长性 [J].中国水产科学,2014,21(5):973-979
PENG Xiaozhen, LI Dapeng, GUO Wei, QI Chenglong, CAO Jingjing . Effects of dietary supplemention of medicinal plants(Poria, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Herba Houttuyniae and Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) on growth performance and plasma biochemical characteristics in Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) [J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2014,21(5):973-979
