两种水温条件下团头鲂对7种蛋白源饲料表观消化率的比较
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南京农业大学 动物科技学院, 江苏省水产动物营养重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210095

作者简介:

薛云飞(1991-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为水产动物营养与饲料.E-mail:2015805092@njau.edu.cn

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S963;Q96

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现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-45-14).


Comparative study of the apparent digestibility of seven feed protein ingredients at different temperatures in Megalobrama amblycephala
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Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Chin

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    摘要:

    采用由30%待测蛋白源饲料原料和70%基础饲料组成的试验饲料,以三氧化二钇(Y2O3)作外源指示剂,添加量为0.05%,以平均体重(34.38±1.06)g的团头鲂()幼鱼作研究对象,在30℃和25℃两种水温条件下比较研究其对鱼粉(FM)、豆粕(SBM)、菜粕(RSM)、棉粕(CSM)、酵母浸粉(YEF)、肉骨粉(MBM)和花生粕(PNM)7种蛋白源饲料原料的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、总能(GE)、总氨基酸(TAA)及必需氨基酸(EAA)的表观消化率。结果显示:水温30℃时,酵母浸粉的干物质、总能、粗蛋白和必需氨基酸的表观消化率最高;水温25℃时,原料干物质和总能的表观消化率最高的为鱼粉,粗蛋白、必需氨基酸和总氨基酸的表观消化率最高的为豆粕。在两个水温下,原料干物质、粗蛋白、总氨基酸和必需氨基酸的表观消化率最低的均是肉骨粉,总能的表观消化率最低的是棉粕。在30℃时团头鲂对蛋白源饲料原料各营养成分的表观消化率高于25℃时,且酵母浸粉在两个水温下各营养成分的消化率差异显著(<0.05)。在30℃时,酵母浸粉的各养分表观消化率较高,但其氨基酸平衡性较差,需适量添加蛋氨酸,满足团头鲂对氨基酸的需求;在25℃时,豆粕和鱼粉各养分表观消化率较高,可作为团头鲂饲料的优质蛋白源饲料原料。肉骨粉在两个水温下均表现出最低表观消化率,需搭配其他饲料适量使用。

    Abstract:

    Blunt snout bream (Cyprinidae family. It has been widely cultured in China due to its excellent value. Research on the feed ingredients should be conducted to optimize feed formula under various circumstances. This study investigated the apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), gross energy (GE), total amino acid (TAA), and essential amino acid (EAA) in fish meal (FM), meat and bone meal (MBM), soybean meal (SBM), rapeseed meal (RSM), cottonseed meal (CSM), yeast extract fermentation (YEF), and peanut meal (PNM) at different temperatures (25℃ and 30℃) indicated by 0.05% Y2O3 for blunt snout bream (34.38±2.16 g). The diets consisted of a 70% basal diet and 30% test ingredients. Fish were fed twice daily in recirculation water system aquaria for 4 weeks. During the feeding trial, excrement was collected 30 minutes after feeding, then dried and stored for analysis. At 30℃, the apparent digestibility of DM, CP, GE, TAA, and EAA was approximately 24.88%-90.63%, 52.32%-94.88%, 47.77%-102.68%, 51.18%-95.15%, 42.97%-95.5%, and 50.49%-94.9%, respectively. YEF had the highest apparent digestibility of DM, CP, GE, and EAA. SBM had the highest apparent digestibility of TAA. MBM showed the lowest apparent digestibility of DM, CP, TAA, and EAA. CSM had the lowest apparent digestibility of GE. At 25℃, the apparent digestibility of DM, CP, GE, TAA, and EAA was approximately 33.65%-79.79%, 64.23%-96.53%, 58.17%-89.79%, 57.13%-97.4%, 49.03%-97.3%, and 56.85%-97.09%. SBM had the highest apparent digestibility of CP, TAA, and EAA, FM had the highest apparent digestibility of all other nutritional compositions. The same result was found at 30℃. In addition, the apparent digestibility of DM, CP, TAA, EAA, and MBM was the lowest, while CSM had the lowest apparent digestibility of GE. Therefore, the apparent digestibility of the seven feed protein ingredients were all different at different temperatures in blunt snout bream. In other words, temperature affected the apparent digestibility of feed protein ingredients. In conclusion, the apparent digestibility of animal protein feedstuff was better than nonanimal protein feedstuff for blunt snout bream, perhaps because this is an herbivorous fish that can use plant proteins more efficiently. YEF showed the highest apparent digestibility of all ingredients at 30℃; therefore, it can be used as a high quality fish feed ingredient. However, the amino acid balance of YEF was worse than FM, and should have methionine (Met) added to the feed, to enable the fish to use it better. Conversely, MBM had the lowest apparent digestibility, which may have been due to the numerous bones, which cannot be digested by fish, with the result that the nutriment of bone could not be used by blunt snout bream. Therefore, it should be used rarely in fish feed. At 25℃, the highest apparent digestibilities of all ingredients were in the FM and SBM, which can be used as high quality alternative protein sources for blunt snout bream. At 25℃, MBM was not a good feed ingredient. CSM showed the lowest apparent digestibility of GE under both temperatures, which may have been because CSM had a high level of cellulose, and the fish cannot process cellulose, so that this feed moved faster through the intestinal canal. The apparent digestibility of amino acids varied among different test ingredients, the same was found for single test ingredients. Overall, the apparent digestibility of DM, CP, GE, TAA, and EAA in FM, MBM, SBM, RSM, CSM, YEF, and PNM were different at different temperatures.

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薛云飞,蒋广震,蔡万存,钱妤,刘文斌.两种水温条件下团头鲂对7种蛋白源饲料表观消化率的比较[J].中国水产科学,2018,25(1):86-96
XUE Yunfei, JIANG Guangzhen, CAI Wancun, QIAN Yu, LIU Wenbin. Comparative study of the apparent digestibility of seven feed protein ingredients at different temperatures in Megalobrama amblycephala[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2018,25(1):86-96

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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-01-19
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