The Amur sturgeon () is one of the eight species of Acipenseriformes that occur in China. The range of the Amur sturgeon is mainly restricted to the middle and lower Amur River. Sometimes sturgeons enter the Ussuri River, but they rarely occur in the Sungari River. This species supports fisheries, but stocks are declining significantly because of overfishing. Developing artificial cultures could reduce market dependence on wild fish and would assist in conservation of the wild stock. Although Amur sturgeons are gonochoristic, they exhibit no apparent sexual dimorphism and have no indicators of their sex for their first 1-2 years of life. Currently, the most reliable method of determining sex and gonad maturation in Amur sturgeons at an early age is through a surgical incision and visual examination of the gonads. The eggs of artificial spawning are also commonly obtained via an abdominal incision or caesarian section. The incisions may not always heal properly; thereby, causing infections, inflammation, and ulcerations that lead to adhesions or in some cases to mortality. Thus, it is critical to close the incisions for the recovery of Amur sturgeons post-surgery. The goals of this research were to study the process of incision healing, through visual and histological evaluations of the surgical incision at different stages post-surgery, to explore the repair capability of Amur sturgeons, and to provide data for the establishment of post-surgery system management. A total of 30 2-year-old Amur sturgeons were anesthetized quickly by immersion into a tank containing a 150 mg/L solution of tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222). Once the fish reached a surgical plane of anesthesia, a sterile surgical blade was used to make a 5 cm incision through the ventral middle skin and linea alba into the coelomic cavity. The incisions were closed with three simple interrupted stitches. Samples were taken at 4, 7, 14, 28, 42, and 56 days post-surgery. A study on the healing of the incisions was conducted, through visual assessments and histological observations. The results indicated that the epidermal cells migrated into the coelomic cavity along the edge of incision and had contact with the peritoneum at 4 to 7 days post-surgery. The inflammatory infiltrate and Type Ⅲ collagen appeared at the incision margin. The incisions healed, and redness and swelling indexes significantly decreased ( < 0.05) from 14 to 42 days post-surgery. The epidermis covered the incision, and there was an overlap between the epidermis on the front of both sides. The epidermal cell layers at the incision margin significantly increased and were greater than that around the incision and the control. A large number of fibroblasts gathered at the edge of the incision, and new capillaries were regenerated, forming granulation. From 42 to 56 days post surgery, the epidermis healed completely, exhibiting no differences from that of the control. In the granulation, type I collagen substantially increased, but fibroblasts and capillaries decreased and disappeared. A scar remained. These results indicated that the Amur sturgeon had a strong repair capability. It took 56 days to close the surgical incisions. The surgical incision healed mainly during the period from 14 to 42 days post-surgery. It took longer to complete healing of the dermis and hypodermis, compared with that of the epidermis. The healing of the dermis and hypodermis was constraint with the progress of incision closure.