西藏黑斑原鮡胚胎发育观察
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作者单位:

1. 西藏自治区农牧科学院水产科学研究所, 西藏 拉萨 850032;
2. 西藏自治区拉萨市墨竹工卡县林业局, 西藏 拉萨 850200

作者简介:

潘瑛子(1984-),女,助理研究员,研究方向为鱼病学.E-mail:pyingzi_tibet@163.com

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中图分类号:

S917

基金项目:

农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403012);西藏自治区财政专项(藏财指(专)字[2014]69号).


Embryonic development of Glyptosternum maculatum in Tibet
Author:
Affiliation:

1. Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Institute of Fishery Sciences, Lhasa 850032, China;
2. Maizhokunggar County Forestry Bureau, Lhasa 850200, China

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    摘要:

    Abstract:

    in China and is uniquely endemic to the Yarlung Tsangpo River system. With the rapid dwindling of its populations and gradually shrinking distributions due to overfishing and the impact of water conservancy projects and foreign fish invasion in recent years, it is considered a critically endangered (CR) species by the Red List of Chinese vertebrates (2015). It is the only one of the 77 known Chinese sisorid species to be ranked on this list. In this study, the broodstock were captured in the four Yarlung Zangbo River sections of Shigatse, Tibet, including Xaitongmoin, Lhatse, Ngamring, and Saga. The altitude distribution range of the four sampling sites is approximately 3900-4500 m. From mid-May 2015 to mid-June 2015, 79 females were artificially induced to spawn, another 7 females naturally produced eggs and about 57440 eggs were spawned. At the same time, 15 males were dissected and their testes were broken for use in artificial insemination. Approximately 42208 fertilized eggs of were obtained. The fertilized round, demersal eggs were slightly yellowish with strong viscosity. The fertilized eggs were laid flat on a special sieve net and hatched in a small trough of a running water. In Lahsa, Tibet, the entire embryonic development process from fertilized egg to hatching was observed and the effective accumulated temperature of the embryonic development was calculated. In the fertilized egg and cleavage stage, the same batch of fertilized eggs were sampled, observed, photographed and recorded every 30 min. After the cleavage stage, samples were taken every 1 h. At each time point, 10 fertilized eggs were taken and the stages of embryonic development and the period for entry into each were examined by microscopy. More than 50% of the embryos appeared to have corresponding characteristics. It was found that the timing sequence for embryonic development of was consistent with the general rule of teleosts, divided into eight stages-fertilized egg, blastoderm formation, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, neurula, organogenesis and hatching stages-and further subdivided into 28 phases according to the morphological characteristics of each stage. Myomere and optic vesicles were formed before the blastopore and its closure, optic capsules, heart rudiment, digestive tract, otoliths, eye lens, pectoral fin rudiments formed successively in the organogenesis stage. The red blood cells were found after the heart started beating. Meanwhile, the observation records revealed an average temperature of about 13.8℃, and the effective accumulated temperature 2963.2-3132.4 h·℃, with a hatching rate of approximately 70%. However, unlike the eggs of the six common fish in the Yarlung Zangbo River, the fertilized eggs had a two-layer membrane that formed immediately at the point of water absorption and disappeared completely at the neurula stage. The two-layer egg membrane as a special structure may be responsible for environmental adaptability. The outer membrane may play a role in the adhesion, fixation and buffer protection in the process of egg transmission and incubation. This study may contribute to understanding the characteristics and laws of , embryonic development and provide a theoretical reference for artificial breeding and scientific protection of the species.

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潘瑛子,李宝海,格桑加措,刘海平,周建设.西藏黑斑原鮡胚胎发育观察[J].中国水产科学,2018,25(6):1205-1215
PAN Yingzi, LI Baohai, KELSANG Gyatso, LIU haiping, ZHOU Jianshe. Embryonic development of Glyptosternum maculatum in Tibet[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2018,25(6):1205-1215

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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-12-07
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