, which is also known as white shrimp, is one of the main farmed shrimp species in China. It is native to the coastal line of Central and South America and was, instead of , introduced into China in the 1990's. The yield of white shrimp increases annually significantly because of its fast growth, adaptability to a wide range of salt and temperatures, strong disease resistance and low demand for dietary protein. However, in recent years, the success rate of white shrimp farming in China has declined because almost 70% of white shrimp seedlings are from inbreeding produced by hatchery farm without systematic selection, resulting in inadequate growth performance and stress resistance. The very small quantity of quality broodstock imported from abroad is unable to meet market demand. Meanwhile, the dominant trait of broodstock selected by other research institutes in China is not stable. The selection of high-quality broodstock is critical to improving shrimp farming in China. Collection of different basic populations is the basis for white shrimp selective breeding and inbreeding should be avoided. In this study, in order to analyse the effect of wild population introducing on the growth trait and stress resistance of the 1 which was imported from Ecuador (EC) and an inbreeding population (ZG) using a complete diallel cross to construct four F₁ populations including EC♂×EC♀ (EE), ZG♂×ZG♀ (GG), EC♂×ZG♀ (EG), ZG♂×EC♀ (GE). The survival rate of post-larvae after exposure to acute low salinity or nitrite, the antioxidant enzymes activities under microcystin-LR (MC-LR) exposure and the growth speed were compared between these four F₁ populations. The results showed that the survival rates under acute low salinity (from 30‰ to 2‰) for 24 h to 48 h were significantly different between the four F₁ populations (EE > GE > EG > GG, <0.05), with the survival rate of the EE population as the highest and the GG population as the lowest. The survival rates of the four F₁ populations under acute nitrite treatment (35 mg/L) after 60 h were different (GE > EE > EG > GG), with GE as the highest and GG again as the lowest. After exposure to 8 mg/L MC-LR, the antioxidant enzyme activities of SOD and CAT were significantly upregulated at 24 h or 36 h; activities of GP_X, GST and GR, which are involved in removing secondary metabolites such as H₂O₂ and ROOH, were also up-regulated; the GSH contents in hepatopancreas decreased because of consumption and the resistance to MC-LR was significantly different between the four F₁ populations (EE > GE > EG > GG). The growth trait analysis showed that the growth speed of the EE and GE populations during 0-40 d was slower than the other two populations, while these two populations showed higher growth speed during 40-83 d, and the EE population had the best growth trait after 83 d (EE>GE>EG>GG). The heterosis rates of hybrid population GE under acute low salinity, nitrite or MC-LR treatment were 31.83%, 77.01%, and 2.77%, respectively, and the performance was better than the mean values of the parents. While the heterosis rates of the EG population were -19.21%, -8.01% and -8.14%, the performance was weaker than the mean values of the parents. In conclusion, the stress resistance and growth trait of the four F₁ populations was EE > GE > EG > GG. The results revealed that maternal inheritance was dominant for hybrid populations; the trait depression in hybrid offspring could be caused by using female individuals from inbreeding population; and improving the dominant traits depended on more and more basic populations for white shrimp selective breeding.