+高级检索
首页 > 过刊浏览>2018年第25卷第6期 >1317-1324
PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒
基于声学映像的南奥克尼群岛海域南极磷虾集群特征
作者:
作者单位:

1. 上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;
2. 上海海洋大学大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306;
3. 上海海洋大学国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306;
4. 中国水产科学院南海水产研究所, 广东 广州, 510300

作者简介:

王腾(1989-),博士研究生,研究方向为渔业资源声学评估.E-mail:twangshanghao@163.com

中图分类号:

S931

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目（41776185，41606210）；国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1406801）；农业部南极海洋生物资源开发利用项目（D8002-18-0097）.


Euphausia superba swarm characteristics in the South Orkney Islands by the echogram of acoustic survey
Author:
  • WANG Teng 1,4

    WANG Teng

    College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
    ;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
    在期刊界中查找
    在百度中查找
    在本站中查找
  • TONG Jianfeng 1,2,3

    TONG Jianfeng

    College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
    ;The Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China
    ;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

    在期刊界中查找
    在百度中查找
    在本站中查找
  • ZHU Guoping 1,2,3

    ZHU Guoping

    College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
    ;The Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China
    ;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

    在期刊界中查找
    在百度中查找
    在本站中查找
  • XU Liuxiong 1,2,3

    XU Liuxiong

    College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
    ;The Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China
    ;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

    在期刊界中查找
    在百度中查找
    在本站中查找
Affiliation:

1. College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
2. The Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China;
3. National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
4. South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China

  • 摘要
    • | |
  • 访问统计
    • |
  • 参考文献 [28]
    • |
  • 相似文献 [20]
    • |
  • 引证文献
    • | |
  • 文章评论
    摘要:

    为确定南奥克尼群岛海域南极磷虾（）集群特征，本研究根据2017年3-4月我国南极磷虾探捕项目采集的断面声学数据，使用通用声学数据后处理软件，研究了该海域的南极磷虾集群特征信息。本研究共检测并提取了2539个磷虾集群的高度、长度、分布深度、集群间距、集群面积及集群磷虾密度信息，其中白天集群1389个，夜晚集群1150个。通过集群特征值的统计，将该海域集群分为3类。聚类A的虾群密度最大[（19.24±27.00） ind/m3]，聚类B的虾群最深[（174.74±53.30） m]，聚类C的虾群面积最大[（2868.62±2149.75） m2]。聚类A和聚类B的集群长度无显著性差异（>0.05）。A类集群主要分布在南奥克尼群岛北部及西北部的深水区，水深>1000 m。B类和C类集群在整个调查海域均有分布，其中B类集群多分布在群岛大陆架海域，水深<200 m。不同区域的集群分布信息不同，离岛屿最远的东西两个断面集群较少，分布比较分散。本研究结果表明大部分的磷虾个体位于少数的大型集群中，集群磷虾密度和集群间距间存在正相关关系；未来通过磷虾集群与外界因子（环境因子，捕食者）相关性的研究，可以帮助我们更为准确地了解集群结构与形成机制，预测磷虾资源分布。

    Abstract:

    Knowledge about swarm dynamics and underlying causes is essential to understand the ecology and distribution of . We examined swarms across the South Orkney Islands in March and April 2017 using the Simrad EK60 (38 and 120 kHz) echosounder, concurrent with net sampling. The acoustic data were analyzed by applying a swarm-identification algorithm, and then filtering out all non-krill targets. A total of 2539 krill swarms with swarm characters including swarm height and length, packing density, swimming depth, and inter-swarm distance were extracted, of which 1389 were daytime swarms and 1150 night swarms. Compared with those of the night swarms, krill aggregated in deep waters during the daytime with lower packing density and smaller inter-swarm distance. There were significant differences between day and night krill swarms. Through the multivariate analysis, the krill swarms were divided into three categories, which differed in both their dimensions and packing density. Group A presented the highest swarm density[(19.24±27.00) ind/m3], Group B swarms presented the deepest distribution depth[(174.74±53.30) m], Group C presented the largest swarm area[(2868.62±2149.75) m2] with the longest swarm length[(258.76±322.88) m]. There was no significant difference in swarm length between Groups A and B and no significant difference in swarm depth between Groups A and C. Group A swarms were mainly distributed in deep water areas in the north and northwest regions of the South Orkney Islands at a depth of >1000 m, and mainly occurred during daytime. Groups B and C swarms were distributed throughout the survey area; Group B swarms were aggregated in the continental shelf at a water depth of <200 m. The results suggest that the majority of krill were contained within a minor fraction of the total number of swarms, and there was a positive correlation between packing density and inter-swarm distance. The results also provide valuable information on the distribution of krill swarms in this area and basic data for the current feedback krill resource management of Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). In the future, studies on the correlation between krill swarms and external factors, such as environmental factors and predators, can help understand the swarm structure and formation mechanism more accurately and predict the distribution of krill resources.

    参考文献
    [1] Hamner W M, Hamner P P. Behavior of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba):schooling, foraging, and antipredatory behavior[J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2000, 57(S3):192-202.
    [2] Ritz D A. Is social aggregations in aquatic crustaceans a strategy to conserve energy?[J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2000, 57(S3):59-67.
    [3] Buchholz F. Moult cycle and growth of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba in the laboratory[J]. Marine Ecology Progress, 1991, 69:217-229.
    [4] Nicol S. Population structure of daytime surface swarms of the euphausiid Meganyctiphanes norvegica in the Bay of Fundy[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1984, 18:241-251.
    [5] O'Brien D P. Description of escape responses of krill (Crustacea:Euphausiacea), with particular reference to swarming behavior and the size and proximity of the predator[J]. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 1987, 7(3):449-457.
    [6] Zamon J E, Greene C H, Meir E, et al. Acoustic characterization of the three-dimensional prey field of foraging chinstrap penguins[J]. Marine Ecology Progress, 1996, 131:1-10.
    [7] Mori Y, Boyd I L. The behavioral basis for nonlinear functional responses and optimal foraging in Antarctic fur seals[J]. Ecology, 2004, 85(2):398-410.
    [8] Tarling G A, Klevjer T, Fielding S, et al. Variability and predictability of Antarctic krill swarm structure[J]. Deep Sea Research Part I:Oceanographic Research Papers, 2009, 56(11):1994-2012.
    [9] Brierley A S, Cox M J. Shapes of krill swarms and fish schools emerge as aggregation members avoid predators and access oxygen[J]. Current Biology, 2010, 20:1758-1762.
    [10] Miller D G M, Barange M, Klindt H, et al. Antarctic krill aggregation characteristics from acoustic observations in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean[J]. Marine Biology, 1993, 117(1):171-183.
    [11] Ricketts C, Watkins J L, Priddle J, et al. An assessment of the biological and acoustic characteristics of swarms of Antarctic krill[J]. Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, 1992, 39(2):359-371.
    [12] Lascara C M, Hofmann E E, Ross R M, et al. Seasonal variability in the distribution of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, west of the Antarctic Peninsula[J]. Deep Sea Research Part I:Oceanographic Research Papers, 1999, 46(6):951-984.
    [13] Klevjer T A, Tarling G A, Fielding S. Swarm characteristics of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba relative to the proximity of land during summer in the Scotia Sea[J]. Marine Ecology Progress, 2010, 409:157-170.
    [14] Cox M J, Borchers D L, Demer D A, et al. Estimating Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) density from multibeam echosounder observations using distance sampling methods[J]. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society:Series C (Applied Statistics), 2011, 60(2):301-316.
    [15] Hewitt R P, Demer D A, Emery J H. An 8-year cycle in krill biomass density inferred from acoustic surveys conducted in the vicinity of the South Shetland Islands during the austral summers of 1991-1992 through 2001-2002[J]. Aquatic Living Resources, 2003, 16(3):205-213.
    [16] Coetzee J. Use of a shoal analysis and patch estimation system (SHAPES) to characterize sardine schools[J]. Aquatic Living Resources, 2000, 13(1):1-10.
    [17] Krafft B A, Skaret G, Knutsen T, et al. Antarctic krill swarm characteristics in the Southeast Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean[J]. Marine Ecology Progress, 2012, 465:69-83.
    [18] Bernard K S, Cimino M, William F W, et al. Factors that affect the nearshore aggregations of Antarctic krill in a biological hotspot[J]. Deep Sea Research Part I:Oceanographic Research Papers, 2017, 126:139-147.
    [19] Watkins J L, Reid K, Ramm D, et al. The use of fishing vessels to provide acoustic data on the distribution and abundance of Antarctic krill and other pelagic species[J]. Fisheries Research, 2016, 178:93-100.
    [20] Foote K G, Knudsen H P, Vestnes G, et al. Calibration of acoustic instruments for fish density estimation:a practical guide[R]. Copenhagen:ICES Cooperative Research Report, 1987.
    [21] Fielding S, Watkins J L, Collins M A, et al. Acoustic determination of the distribution of fish and krill across the Scotia Sea in spring 2006, summer 2008 and autumn 2009[J]. Deep Sea Research Part Ⅱ:Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2012, 59-60:173-188.
    [22] Wang X L, Zhao X Y, Tang Y, et al. Removal of the inter-instrument acoustic interference and its application in the study of Antarctic krill swarms[J]. Progress in Fishery Sciences, 2014, 35(2):22-29.[王新良, 赵宪勇, 汤勇, 等. 声学仪器间干扰信号的消除及其在南极磷虾集群研究中的应用[J]. 渔业科学进展, 2014, 35(2):22-29.]
    [23] Hartigan J A, Wong M A. A K-means clustering algorithm[J]. Applied Statistics, 1979, 28(1):100-108.
    [24] Calinski T, Harabasz J. A dendrite method for cluster analysis[J]. Communications in Statistics, 1974, 3(1):1-27.
    [25] Miller D G M, Hampton I. Krill aggregation characteristics:spatial distribution patterns from hydroacoustic observations[J]. Polar Biology, 1989, 10:125-134.
    [26] Zhou M, Dorland R D. Aggregation and vertical migration behavior of Euphausia superba[J]. Deep Sea Research Part Ⅱ:Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2004, 51(17-19):2119-2137.
    [27] Pitcher T J, Partridge P. Fish school density and volume[J]. Marine Biology, 1979, 54(4):383-394.
    [28] Fielding S, Watkins J L, Trathan P N, et al. Interannual variability in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) density at South Georgia, Southern Ocean:1997-2013[J]. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2014, 71(9):2578-2588.
    网友评论
    网友评论
    分享到微博
    发 布
引用本文

王腾,童剑锋,朱国平,许柳雄.基于声学映像的南奥克尼群岛海域南极磷虾集群特征[J].中国水产科学,2018,25(6):1317-1324
WANG Teng, TONG Jianfeng, ZHU Guoping, XU Liuxiong. Euphausia superba swarm characteristics in the South Orkney Islands by the echogram of acoustic survey[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2018,25(6):1317-1324

复制
分享
文章指标
  • 点击次数:461
  • 下载次数: 619
  • HTML阅读次数: 706
  • 引用次数: 0
历史
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-12-06
文章二维码
您是第1227755 位访问者
主管单位：中华人民共和国农业农村部
主办单位：中国水产科学研究院  中国水产学会  科学出版社
地址：北京市永定路南青塔村150号
传真：010-68673931 电话：010-68673921,010-68673931
中国水产科学 ® 2025 版权所有