Based on the samples collected from bottom trawl surveys in Haizhou Bay and adjacent waters during spring and autumn in 2011 and 2013-2016, the composition of and variation in the trophic guilds of the fish community were studied. The results showed that the fish community comprised 5 trophic guilds, including shrimp predators, benthivores, shrimp/fish predators, zooplanktivores, and piscivores. The fish communities in Haizhou Bay and adjacent areas were dominated by the benthivore functional group in spring, and the proportion of Fang's gunnel () was higher than other species. In autumn, shrimp predators were the dominant trophic guild, with red gurnard () being the dominant species. From the perspective of biomass composition, the proportions of functional groups of the fish community in Haizhou Bay showed significant differences. The main functional groups were shrimp predators and benthivores, followed by shrimp/fish predators, while the zooplanktivores and piscivores functional groups were relatively sparse. The dominant species of these trophic guilds were 6 fish species:Fang's gunnel, red gurnard, lizardfish (), lionfish (). The trophic guilds and dominant species of the fish communities in Haizhou Bay in spring and autumn of each year varied greatly, mainly due to the impacts of environmental variations and fish migrations in this area.