To explore an efficient and feasible treatment technology of mariculture wastewater, with a win-win strategy of achieving the remediation of mariculture wastewater, and also accumulating microalgae biomass, this study investigated two modes of aquaculture wastewater bioremediation (i.e., free-state mode and immobilized mode) with monoculture and symbiotic systems of the microalgae spp. The cell growth and removal of wastewater nutrients, such as ammonium (NH₄⁺-N), phosphate (PO₄^3--P), total phosphate (T_P), and chemistry oxygen demand (COD_Mn) were tested. Under the free-state mode, microalgae-bacteria symbiosis significantly increased the dry cell weight of -P and COD_Mn Under immobilized conditions, the co-immobilization of spp. enhanced the removal efficiency of NH₄⁺-N, PO₄^3--P, and T_P as compared with that of the monoculture treatment in the same mode, and both nutrient uptake capabilities of microalgae and bacteria were mutually enhanced. Overall, the highest removal efficiency of NH₄⁺-N, PO₄^3--P, T_P, and COD_Mn of 96.57%, 98.62%, 89.89%, and 39.09%, respectively, was achieved under the bioremediation of co-immobilization of ⁺-N and PO₄^3--P in effluent reached the national second-level standards of "Water Quality Standards for Fisheries" and "Drainage Standard for Sea Water Mariculture," whereas the value of COD_Mn met the second-level of "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard." These results showed that the monitored effluent indexes met the national seawater quality standards and the concept of combining mariculture wastewater treatment with the microalgae-bacteria symbiosis is feasible under indoor laboratory conditions. It also showed that higher purification efficiency can be achieved by co-immobilized microalgae-bacteria symbiosis. In the future, the selection of immobilized materials, the tolerance of microalgae-bacteria symbiosis to high salinity in seawater, and the separation methods of microorganisms from the effluent should be investigated.