This study aimed to explore the effect of temperature on the microbial community in recirculating aquaculture water used to raise , as well as to understand the relationship between environmental factors and the microbial community in the aquaculture water. The breeding experiment of was carried out in a recirculating aquaculture system at water temperatures of 18℃, 22℃, 26℃, 30℃, and 32℃. The microbial community composition in the water was analyzed with 16SrRNA gene high- throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that, (1) the diversity index of the bacterial community in the five groups of water samples was t26 > t22 > t30 > t32 > t18, and the species abundance was t22 > t26 > t32 > t30 > t18. Temperature can significantly influence the diversity of microbial communities in aquaculture water, but no direct correlation was found between the two. (2) 31 phyla, 43 classes, 94 orders, 185 families and 351 genera of bacterial communities were obtained from the aquaculture system at five different temperatures. Proteobacteria was by far the dominant phyla in the aquaculture water. When the water temperature of the aquaculture system was 26℃, the content of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the water was relatively high, and the relative abundance of nitrogen and phosphorus removal by bacteria in the water was significantly higher than at the other four temperatures tested. (3) Similarity analysis using petaline graphs and UPGMA cluster analysis showed that the aquaculture water's microbial community responded well to the temperature change. The overall similarity of the bacterial community structure was low among the five groups of water samples, and the bacterial community structures at the highest temperature of 32℃ and the lowest temperature of 18℃ were the most similar. (4) The correlation analysis of microbial community structure and environmental factors in the water showed that total phosphorous (TP) and NO₃^--N have significant effects on the characteristics of the microbial communities, with temperature being the main reason for the differentiation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water. The above research results preliminarily explain the effect of temperature on the microbial community in recirculating aquaculture systems, and provide a reference for further study on the relationship between environmental changes and microbial diversity in recirculating aquaculture systems.