南黄海和东海中南部小黄鱼种群形态分化
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薛艳会(1996–),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为渔业资源评估.E-mail:1256503920@qq.com

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S931

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农业农村部财政专项项目(125C0505)


Morphological differentiation of small yellow croaker populations in the south Yellow Sea and the south-central East China Sea
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    摘要:

    为探索不同地理种群的小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)形态分化, 本研究以南黄海和东海中南部生殖与非生殖群体为研究对象, 采用 t 检验、主成分分析、差异系数判定等分析方法, 对小黄鱼种群 31 个表型性状进行系统分析。结果表明, 南黄海种群和东海中南部种群的表型性状存在广泛的变异, 生殖期平均变异系数分别为 7.77%和 6.48%, 非生殖期变异系数为 8.65%和 7.62%, 南黄海种群变异强度高于东海中南部种群, 变异系数差异主要为横轴测量性状。生殖期和非生殖期分别有 15 个和 16 个性状存在显著差异(P<0.05), 7 个性状在两个时期存在显著性差异, 而且这些性状差异又能在种群内部保持相对稳定。主成分分析结果表明, 生殖期 4 个主成分方差累积贡献率 48%, PC2 和 PC3 得分在检测种群差别时达到极显著水平(P<0.01), 因子负荷较高的性状主要是头部、背鳍、臀鳍和腹部; 非生殖期 4 个主成分方差累积贡献率 46.61%, PC1 和 PC2 得分在检测种群差别时达到极显著水平(P<0.01), 因子负荷较高的性状主要是头部、体高、背鳍/腹鳍与臀鳍长度。两个地理种群在头部和躯干部位的性状产生了分化, 与南黄海群相比, 东海中南部群头部较高, 背鳍和臀鳍较长, 而头部上缘和腹部较短。这种形态变异可能与洄游生活史策略诱导的表型性状特化有关, 研究结果支持迁移行为和复杂生境提高了环境适应性这一结论, 有助于更好地了解物种的生态学特征和进化趋势。

    Abstract:

    Small yellow croaker, Larimichthys polyactis is one of the most important fishery resources in China. The phenotypes of different geographical groups are influenced by their migration patterns and may exhibit adaptive changes. To explore the morphological differentiation of small yellow croaker in different geographic populations, the reproductive and non-reproductive populations in the south Yellow Sea and the south-central East China Sea were used as the research objects. The analysis methods t-test, principal component analysis and the difference coefficient were used to systematically analyze 31 phenotypic traits of the small yellow croaker populations. The results indicated that the phenotypic traits of the south Yellow Sea population and the south- central East China Sea population vary widely. The average coefficients of variation during the reproductive period were 7.77% and 6.48%, respectively, and the coefficients of variation during the non-reproductive period were 8.65% and 7.62%, respectively. The variation intensity of the south Yellow Sea population was higher than that of the south-central East China Sea population, and the difference coefficient was primarily measured on the horizontal axis. Significant differences were detected between 15 traits in the reproductive periods and 16 traits in the non-reproductive periods (P<0.05). There were significant differences among 7 traits in both periods, while the differences of these traits remained relatively stable within the population. The results of principal component analysis indicated that the cumulative contribution rate of the four principal component variances during the reproductive period was 48%, and the scores of PC2 and PC3 reached extremely significant levels (P<0.01) when detecting population difference, and the traits with higher factor loading were primarily head, dorsal fin, anal fin, and abdomen. The cumulative contribution rate of the four principal component variances in the non-reproductive period was 46.61%, and the scores of PC1 and PC2 reached extremely significant levels (P<0.01) when detecting population difference. The traits with higher factor loading were primarily head, body height, dorsal/pelvic fins, and anal fin length. The head and trunk traits of the two populations could be differentiated, as the dorsal and anal fins were longer and the upper margin and abdomen were shorter in the south-central East China Sea group than in the Yellow Sea group. This morphological variation may be attributed to the specialization of phenotypic traits induced by migratory life history strategies. The results of this study support the theory that migration behavior and complex habitats improve environmental adaptability, and aid in improving our understanding of the ecological characteristics and evolutionary trends of species.

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薛艳会,刘尊雷,李圣法,吴磊,卢占晖,程家骅.南黄海和东海中南部小黄鱼种群形态分化[J].中国水产科学,2021,28(9):1162-1174
XUE Yanhui, LIU Zunlei, LI Shengfa, WU Lei, LU zhanhui, CHENG Jiahua. Morphological differentiation of small yellow croaker populations in the south Yellow Sea and the south-central East China Sea[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2021,28(9):1162-1174

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-09-26
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