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首页 > 过刊浏览>2025年第32卷第2期 >258-275. DOI:10.12264/JFSC2024-0285
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南极磷虾资源与渔场变动及其对环境响应的研究进展
作者:
作者单位:

1.中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所, 农业农村部极地渔业可持续利用重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071 ; 2.青岛海洋科技中心, 海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237 ; 3.上海海洋大学, 海洋生物资源与管理学院, 上海 201306

作者简介:

赵云霞(1987-),女,博士,副研究员,从事极地渔业海洋学研究.E-mail:zhaoyx@ysfri.ac.cn

中图分类号:

S931

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2401201)； 国家自然科学基金项目(42006194)； 中国水产科学研究院院级基本科研业务费专项(2024TD02)


Research progress on the impact of environmental factors on Antarctic krill resources and fishery dynamics
Author:
  • ZHAO Yunxia 1，2

    ZHAO Yunxia

    Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071 , China ；Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237 , China
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  • WANG Xinliang 1，2

    WANG Xinliang

    Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071 , China ；Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237 , China
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  • YING Yiping 1，2

    YING Yiping

    Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071 , China ；Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237 , China
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  • ZHU Jiancheng 1，2

    ZHU Jiancheng

    Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071 , China ；Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237 , China
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  • LIU Lu 1，2

    LIU Lu

    Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071 , China ；Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237 , China
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  • LI Wenxiong 3

    LI Wenxiong

    College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 , China
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  • ZHAO Xianyong 1，2

    ZHAO Xianyong

    Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071 , China ；Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237 , China
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Affiliation:

1.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071 , China ;2.Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237 , China ;3.College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 , China

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    摘要:

    南极大磷虾(Euphausia superba)作为南大洋生态系统的关键物种和重要的极地渔业资源, 其资源分布和变动与南大洋的环境因素紧密相关。在气候变化背景下, 科学养护管理南极磷虾资源至关重要, 这不仅关乎南大洋海洋生态系统健康, 也涉及可持续渔业产业的发展。为应对这些挑战, 国内外学者持续开展了大量的磷虾资源调查和相关研究工作, 政府间国际组织南极海洋生物资源养护委员会也积极推进南极磷虾渔业管理新机制建设。本研究总结了南极磷虾资源评估与渔业发展现状, 重点提炼了主要环境因子对南极磷虾资源与渔业时空分布影响的研究进展, 包括海水温度、海冰、流场、水团、锋面、食物, 以及紫外线和光照等, 并着重阐释了环境因子对磷虾生理功能、早期幼体发育与补充、资源输运与存留等关键机能与过程的影响。其中: 海水温度的波动直接影响磷虾的生理功能与分布; 海冰的减少影响磷虾幼体的存活和种群补充; 流场结构对磷虾的输运和分布起着关键作用; 水团和锋面的变化影响磷虾种群的存留与迁移; 食物浓度的季节性变动则直接影响磷虾的繁殖力和生长速率。本研究还对开展气候变化背景下磷虾资源动态研究与渔业可持续发展提出了展望, 以期为后续深入开展环境因子对磷虾生态习性的影响, 构建环极尺度的资源监测技术, 以及制定磷虾渔业管理机制等研究方向提供参考。

    Abstract:

    Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is a key species in the Southern Ocean ecosystem, playing a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance and biodiversity, and is also an important polar fishing resource. Managing Antarctic krill resources is crucial for ensuring the health of global marine ecosystems and promoting the sustainable development of the fishing industry. A large number of krill resource surveys and assessments have been continuously conducted to accurately assess the spatiotemporal distribution of krill resources. The distribution and variability of Antarctic krill resources are closely related to environmental factors in the Southern Ocean. In the context of climate change, the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR), an intergovernmental organization, has also accelerated the development of new management mechanisms for the Antarctic krill fishery. This study summarizes the current assessment of Antarctic krill resources and fishery development. We concentrated on the research progress of the impact of major environmental factors on the temporal and spatial distribution of Antarctic krill resources and fishery, such as seawater temperature, sea ice, currents, water masses, fronts, food, and ultraviolet and visible light, and focused on elucidating the impact of physical environmental factors on the physiological functions of krill, early larval recruitment, resource transport and retention, and other key functions and processes. We found that fluctuations of the water temperature directly affect the physiological functions and distribution of krill, the cyclical changes in sea ice affect the survival of krill larvae and population recruitment, the structure of currents plays a key role in the transport and distribution of krill, changes in water masses and fronts also affect the retention and migration of krill populations, and seasonal changes in food concentration directly affect the reproductive capacity and growth rate of krill. In addition, other environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation and light cycles also impact krill. This study provides an outlook for future research on the distribution of krill resources and the sustainable development of fisheries in the context of climate change. It offers references for subsequent research, such as the impact of environmental factors on the ecological habits of krill, the construction of circumpolar resource monitoring techniques, and the formulation of krill fishery management strategies.

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赵云霞,王新良,应一平,朱建成,刘璐,李文雄,赵宪勇.南极磷虾资源与渔场变动及其对环境响应的研究进展[J].中国水产科学,2025,32(2):258-275
ZHAO Yunxia, WANG Xinliang, YING Yiping, ZHU Jiancheng, LIU Lu, LI Wenxiong, ZHAO Xianyong. Research progress on the impact of environmental factors on Antarctic krill resources and fishery dynamics[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2025,32(2):258-275

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