中华绒螯蟹池塘养殖与稻蟹共作模式CH4和N2O排放特征及影响因素
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1.上海海洋大学, 农业农村部稻渔综合种养生态重点实验室, 上海 201306 ;2.上海海洋大学, 农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室, 上海 201306 ;3.上海海洋大学, 上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306 ;4.上海海洋大学, 水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心, 上海 201306

作者简介:

徐克(2001-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为甲壳动物养殖生态学.E-mail:2226325425@qq.com

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中图分类号:

S966

基金项目:

现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-48)


Characteristics and influencing factors of CH4 and N2O emissions from pond culture and rice-crab co-culture modes of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)
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Affiliation:

1.Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecosystem, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , ShanghaiOcean University, Shanghai, 201306 , China ;2.Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genitic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , ShanghaiOcean University, Shanghai 201306 , China ;3.Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306 , China ;4.National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fishes Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306 , China

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    摘要:

    为研究中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)池塘养殖与稻蟹共作两种模式下水-气界面温室气体的排放特征及其影响因素, 本研究使用静态箱-气相色谱仪法分别测定两种养殖模式下的温室气体排放通量, 同时采集两种养殖模式下相关环境因子, 并进行对比分析。结果表明, 稻蟹共作模式 N2O 放通量是池塘养殖的 2.8 倍, 波动范围为 34.94~126.90 μg/(m2 ·h), 平均值为(85.41±5.78) μg/(m2 ·h); CH4 排放通量是池塘养殖的 1.19 倍, 波动范围为 1.32~ 39.50 mg/(m2 ·h), 平均值为(13.69±1.42) mg/(m2 ·h)。池塘养殖和稻蟹共作的全球增温潜势分别为(10.73±1.16) t/hm2 和(13.07±1.62) t/hm2 , 两种模式的排放高峰期均出现在 8 月高温期。多元逐步回归表明, 池塘养殖模式 CH4 的排放量主要受水温和总氮(TN)的影响, N2O 排放量则主要受到硝态氮(NO3 -N)的影响; 稻蟹共作模式 CH4 排放量主要受到总磷(TP)含量的影响, 而 N2O 排放量则主要受到溶解氧(DO)和水温的影响。本研究为中华绒螯蟹不同养殖模式下温室气体的排放提供了一定数据基础。

    Abstract:

    Pond culture and rice-crab co-culture are currently the two main culture modes for the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) in China. Due to the large differences in the aquaculture environments of paddy fields and ponds, there may be significant differences in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and their influencing factors. Therefore, research on the differences in GHG emissions under different culture modes is urgently needed. In this experiment, the pond culture and rice-crab co-culture modes were used as the research objects, and CH4 and N2O emission fluxes were collected and measured using a static box-gas chromatography method, along with the related environmental factors, at 10-day intervals between 9:00 a.m. and 11:00 a.m. on sunny days from June 7 to September 27, 2023, with a view to exploring the characteristics of the GHG emissions and their influencing factors under the two modes of aquaculture. Based on the results, the integrated warming potential of the two modes of river crab culture was calculated. The results showed that N2O emission in the rice-crab co-culture mode was 2.8 times higher than that in the pond culture, with a fluctuation range of 34.94−126.90 μg/(m2 ·h) and a mean value of (85.41±5.78) μg/(m2 ·h), whereas CH4 emission was 1.19 times higher than that in the pond culture, with a fluctuation range of 1.32−39.50 μg/(m2 ·h) and a mean value of (13.69±1.42) μg/(m2 ·h). The Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) of pond culture and rice-crab cultivation were (10.73±1.16) t/hm2 and (13.07±1.62) t/hm2 , respectively, and the emission peaks of both modes occurred during the high temperature period of August. Multiple stepwise regression showed that the CH4 emission in the pond culture mode was mainly affected by water temperature and total nitrogen (TN), while the N2O emission was mainly affected by nitrate nitrogen (NO3 -N); the CH4 emission in rice-crab culture mode was mainly affected by total phosphorus (TP) content, while the N2O emission was mainly affected by dissolved oxygen (DO) and water temperature. In summary, the rice-crab cropping mode significantly increased the GHG emissions and GWP of CH4 and N2O during the cultivation of the Chinese mitten crab, probably due to the fact that the GHG emissions under the rice-crab cropping mode were mainly caused by the rice emissions, and that there was a huge space for GHG emission reduction in the rice-crab cropping mode. This study provides data support for greenhouse gas emission of Chinese mitten crab under different culture modes as well as a theoretical basis for the promotion and demonstration of rice-crab co-culture mode.

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徐克,肖霖,孙云飞,成永旭.中华绒螯蟹池塘养殖与稻蟹共作模式CH4和N2O排放特征及影响因素[J].中国水产科学,2025,32(4):513-522
XU Ke, XIAO Lin, SUN Yunfei, CHENG Yongxu. Characteristics and influencing factors of CH4 and N2O emissions from pond culture and rice-crab co-culture modes of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2025,32(4):513-522

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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-05
  • 最后修改日期:2025-01-14
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-07-08
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