调水调沙期间黄河口海域鱼类群落结构特征

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调水调沙期间黄河口海域鱼类群落结构特征
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作者单位:1. 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台, 264006; 2. 上海海洋大学 海洋科学学院, 上海, 201306;3. 烟台市水产研究所, 山东 烟台, 264000
作者简介:郑亮(1987-), 男, 硕士研究生, 从事渔业资源研究. E-mail: zhengliang0372@126.com
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中图分类号:S932
基金项目:农业部近海渔业资源调查管理项目(201206); 山东省海洋与渔业厅“黄河调水调沙生态环境影响监测与评价”项目(SD2010-2013); 水生动物营养与饲料“泰山学者”岗位经费项目(TS200651036).

Fish community structure in the Yellow River estuary: Effect of water and sediment discharge regulations

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1. Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Yantai 264006, China; 2. Institute of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;3. Yantai Aquatic

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摘要:

为了解黄河调水调沙期间黄河口海域鱼类群落结构变化年调水调沙前、中、后研究分析了该海域鱼类群落组成、优势种、空间分布及多样性特征。结果表明种属。鱼类栖息水层类型组成变化较大而适温类型组成则较稳定。生物量及其空间分布变化明显站位分布较均匀中调查平均生物量29.1) kg/h, 后调查平均生物量17.2) kg/h, (变化趋势和多样性指数一致。研究认为黄河调水调沙导致的泥沙沉降对底层鱼类产生了不利影响对中上层鱼类特别是浮游生物食性鱼类则产生了有利影响。

Abstract:

Yellow River estuary is located at the intersection between Bohai Bay and Laizhou Bay, and is an important spawning, feeding, and rearing ground for marine organisms because of the abundant food supply. s (WSDR) were implemented in 2002 and the period between June 16, 2012 and July 9, 2012 was the 14^th time the regulations had been invoked. However, it is unclear whether the WSDR affects fish community structure and distribution. We used survey data collected before, during, and after were implemented in the Yellow River estuary in 2012 to compare the fish community structure and determine the ecological impact of the WSDR. Fifteen sample sites were established between 3735′E. We calculated the index of relative importance (IRI), the Margalef richness index (′), and the Pielou’s evenness index (′) as measures of fish community structure. A total number of 39 species were captured during the three surveys, belonging to 8 orders, 23 families, and 37 genera, of which 27, 33, and 30 species were captured before, during, and after implementation of the WSDR, respectively. The dominant order was Perciformes. The assemblage was dominated by demersal fishes (percent of biomass = 95.7%) before implementation of the WSDR and the dominant species was . Conversely, the community was dominated by pelagic fishes during and after the WSDR were implemented (percent of biomass = 72% and 67.1%, respectively). The dominant species were Sardinella zunasi, and . The community was dominated by warm water species in all three surveys. The average relative biomass was (6.4±1.9) kg/h and there was little difference in biomass between sites prior to implementation of the WSDR. During implementation of the WSDR, the biomass was (62.1±29.1) kg/h and fish were primarily distributed offshore, particularly in the northwest of the estuary. After implementation of the WSDR, the biomass was (48.2±17.2) kg/h and fish primarily distributed in the estuary and the southeast of survy area. The Margalef richness index () was 1.24±0.10, 1.27±0.08, and 1.35±0.08 for the three surveys ′) was 0.63±0.04, 0.36±0.04, and 0.50±0.04 and Pielou’s evenness index (and ′ were highest before the WSDR was implemented and lowest during implementation of the WSDR, and were significantly different (<0.01) among the three surveys. We conclude that sediment deposition altered the distribution of demersal fishes in the Yellow River estuary. However, the addition of large volumes of fresh water and nutrients into the Yellow River estuary had a positive effect on pelagic fishes, especially those that preyed on plankton. To more accurately determine the influence of WSDR on fish community structure, future analyses should account for environmental changes during implementation of the WSDR in the Yellow River estuary.

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郑亮,吕振波,李凡,张岚,于文宋.调水调沙期间黄河口海域鱼类群落结构特征[J].中国水产科学,2014,21(3):602-610
ZHENG Liang, LV Zhenbo, LI Fan, ZHANG Lan, YU Wensong. Fish community structure in the Yellow River estuary: Effect of water and sediment discharge regulations[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2014,21(3):602-610

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在线发布日期: 2015-07-16
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